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      Functional disability of adult individuals with spinal cord injury and its association with socio-demographic characteristics Translated title: Incapacidade funcional e associações com aspectos sociodemográficos em adultos com lesão medular Translated title: Incapacidad funcional y asociaciones con aspectos socio-demográficos en adultos con lesión medular

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          Abstract

          The aim was to investigate the Functional Disability degree in adults with spinal cord injury and its association with socio-demographic characteristics. The Barthel Index was used and 75 subjects answered a questionnaire with socio-demographic variables. The Chi-Square, Cronbach's Alpha and Fisher tests were used in the analysis. The mean age was 42.23 years. Cronbach's Alpha for the Barthel Index was 0.807. The activities that were more difficult to perform were Climbing and Descending Stairs (92%) and Walking (82.7%). The mean Barthel Index score was 64 points. The tests of association demonstrated values with p>0.05. Even though this population demonstrated a low degree of dependency and no association was identified between the socio-demographic variables and Functional Disability, the study contributes to nursing care for individuals with spinal cord injury, considering the limitations the condition imposes on their self-care.

          Translated abstract

          Objetivou-se investigar o grau de incapacidade funcional de adultos com lesão medular e a sua associação com as características sociodemográficas. Utilizaram-se o índice de Barthel e um questionário com variáveis sociodemográficas. Participaram 75 sujeitos. Efetuaram-se os teste qui-quadrado, Cronbach e Fisher. A média de idade foi de 43,23 anos. O alfa de Cronbach para o índice de Barthel foi de 0,807. As atividades nas quais se verificou maior dificuldade de realização foram subir e descer escadas (92%) e deambular (82,7%). O escore médio do índice de Barthel foi de 64 pontos. Os testes de associação apresentaram valores de p>0,05. Apesar de a população apresentar grau leve de dependência e não se identificar associação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e a incapacidade funcional, considera-se que o estudo contribui para a assistência de enfermagem, por possibilitar reflexões na busca de se amenizar algumas limitações que a lesão medular impõe ao autocuidado.

          Translated abstract

          El objetivo fue investigar el grado de Incapacidad Funcional de adultos con lesión medular y su asociación con las características socio-demográficas. Se utilizó el Índice de Barthel y un cuestionario con variables socio-demográficas. Participaron 75 sujetos. Se efectuaron las pruebas: Chi-cuadrado, Cronbach y Fisher. El promedio de edad fue de 43,23 años. El Alfa de Cronbach para el Índice de Barthel fue de 0,807. Las actividades en las cuales se verificó mayor dificultad de realización fueron Subir y Bajar escaleras (92%) y Deambular (82,7%). La mediana del Índice de Barthel fue de 64 puntos. Las pruebas de asociación presentaron valores de p>0,05. A pesar de que la población presenta un grado leve de dependencia y no se identificaron asociaciones entre las variables socio-demográficas y la Incapacidad Funcional, se considera que el estudio contribuye para la asistencia de enfermería, debido a algunas limitaciones que la lesión medular impone en el auto-cuidado.

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          The impact of coping on emotional adjustment to spinal cord injury (SCI): review of the literature and application of a stress appraisal and coping formulation.

          This article reviews literature examining the psychological adjustment to Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) and illustrates the applicability of a Stress Appraisal and Coping model (SAC) for rehabilitation of this population. Articles concerning psychological adjustment to SCI from the previous three decades have been reviewed and critiqued. When possible the articles have been discussed in a SAC framework. The literature indicates that psychological adjustment to SCI is largely predictable from psychological variables including coping, appraisal and psychosocial resources. Recent literature has suggested psychological intervention can promote positive psychological adjustment following SCI for those individuals at risk of developing clinical levels of depression. The SAC model provides a comprehensive formulation to incorporate the heterogeneity of populations with SCI. Suggestions for future research include developing assessment and treatment regimes specifically tailored to the strengths and weaknesses of an individual as highlighted in the model.
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            Visceral adipose tissue and the ratio of visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue are greater in adults with than in those without spinal cord injury, despite matching waist circumferences.

            Abdominal obesity, particularly visceral adipose tissue (VAT), is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Despite an elevated risk of CHD mortality in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI), neither abdominal adipose tissue accumulation nor the validity of waist circumference (WC) has been determined in persons with SCI. The objectives of this study were to compare total adipose tissue (TAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and the ratio of VAT to SAT (VAT:SAT) between adults with SCI and age-, sex-, and WC-matched able-bodied (AB) controls and to determine the relation between WC and VAT in both groups. Thirty-one men and women (n = 15 SCI and 16 AB) with a mean (+/-SD) age of 38.9 +/- 7.9 y participated in this cross-sectional study. Abdominal adipose tissue was quantified by computed tomography at L4-L5. WC was measured at 3 sites: lowest rib, iliac crest, and the midpoint between the lowest rib and iliac crest. Persons with SCI had a 58% greater mean VAT (P = 0.003), 48% greater mean VAT:SAT (P = 0.034), and 26% greater mean TAT (P = 0.055) than did matched AB controls after differences in weight were accounted for. Mean SAT was not significantly different between groups. WC at all sites was correlated with VAT in both groups (SCI: 0.905 < or = r < or = 0.925; AB: 0.838 < or = r < or = 0.877; both P < 0.001). High levels of VAT exist in young people with SCI who classify themselves as active and healthy. WC may be a valid surrogate measure of VAT in this population and serve as a tool for clinicians to identify those at risk of CHD.
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              Qualidade de vida em pessoas com lesão medular traumática: um estudo com o WHOQOL-bref

              OBJETIVOS: Conhecer a percepção de qualidade de vida em pessoas com lesão medular traumática, utilizando a metodologia adotada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS). MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, na qual foi realizado um estudo descritivo para conhecer as características sociodemográficas e a distribuição das lesões medulares traumáticas na amostra estudada. Em seguida, com o intuito de conhecer a percepção da qualidade de vida dessa população, utilizou-se o WHOQOL - bref. As análises estatísticas realizadas incluíram análises descritivas de freqüência, tendência central e dispersão e análise inferencial de comparação entre os domínios. O estudo transcorreu de janeiro de 2005 a maio de 2006 e foi desenvolvido com pessoas no momento de sua admissão no programa de reabilitação do Hospital Sarah Brasília. Utilizou-se uma amostra de conveniência, com 111 entrevistados. RESULTADOS: Os indivíduos estudados são, em sua maioria, homens jovens, solteiros, possuidores do ensino fundamental e vítimas de acidentes de trânsito e de armas de fogo. A percepção da qualidade de vida demonstrou que os domínios que refletiram os piores escores de avaliação estavam relacionados ao meio ambiente e à saúde física; e os mais bem avaliados estavam ligados à saúde psicológica e às relações sociais. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo permitiu conhecer a percepção de qualidade de vida do grupo pesquisado. Recomenda-se estudo que inclua tetra-plégicos e lesados medulares não traumáticos, com o intuito de se obter uma avaliação mais global.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rlae
                Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem
                Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem
                Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo (, SP, Brazil )
                0104-1169
                1518-8345
                February 2012
                : 20
                : 1
                : 84-92
                Affiliations
                [02] Campina Grande PB orgnameUniversidade Estadual da Paraíba orgdiv1Departamento de Enfermagem Brazil
                [01] RN orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Brazil alex@ 123456uepb.edu.br
                [03] Natal RN orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Brazil bertha@ 123456ufrnet.br
                [04] Campina Grande PB orgnameUniversidade Estadual da Paraíba Brazil
                Article
                S0104-11692012000100012 S0104-1169(12)02000112
                4e4ceab3-a9a1-4526-8a24-ab50d523b317

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 June 2011
                : 25 November 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Revista de Enfermagem

                Categories
                Original Articles

                Activities of Daily Living,Nursing,Personas con Discapacidad,Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal,Factores Socioeconómicos,Pessoas com Deficiência,Traumatismos da Medula Espinhal,Fatores Socioeconômicos,Atividades cotidianas,Enfermagem,Disabled Persons,Spinal Cord Injuries,Socioeconomic Factors,Actividades Cotidianas,Enfermería

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