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      Causes of epidermal filaggrin reduction and their role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.

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          Abstract

          The epidermis protects human subjects from exogenous stressors and helps to maintain internal fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. Filaggrin is a crucial epidermal protein that is important for the formation of the corneocyte, as well as the generation of its intracellular metabolites, which contribute to stratum corneum hydration and pH. The levels of filaggrin and its degradation products are influenced not only by the filaggrin genotype but also by inflammation and exogenous stressors. Pertinently, filaggrin deficiency is observed in patients with atopic dermatitis regardless of filaggrin mutation status, suggesting that the absence of filaggrin is a key factor in the pathogenesis of this skin condition. In this article we review the various causes of low filaggrin levels, centralizing the functional and morphologic role of a deficiency in filaggrin, its metabolites, or both in the etiopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.
          The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
          1097-6825
          0091-6749
          Oct 2014
          : 134
          : 4
          Affiliations
          [1 ] National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-Allergology, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark. Electronic address: jacob.p.thyssen@regionh.dk.
          [2 ] Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
          Article
          S0091-6749(14)00863-X
          10.1016/j.jaci.2014.06.014
          25065719
          4e552fc3-9b9b-49d5-b9ac-057d8f8dcd3f
          Copyright © 2014 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
          History

          Atopic dermatitis,T(H)2 cytokines,barrier function,filaggrin,histidine,ichthyosis vulgaris,lamellar body,pathogenesis,stratum corneum,urocanic acid

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