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      Specialized Subpopulations of Deep-Layer Pyramidal Neurons in the Neocortex: Bridging Cellular Properties to Functional Consequences

      , , , , , ,
      The Journal of Neuroscience
      Society for Neuroscience

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          Abstract

          <p class="first" id="d4257302e243">Neocortical pyramidal neurons with somata in layers 5 and 6 are among the most visually striking and enigmatic neurons in the brain. These deep-layer pyramidal neurons (DLPNs) integrate a plethora of cortical and extracortical synaptic inputs along their impressive dendritic arbors. The pattern of cortical output to both local and long-distance targets is sculpted by the unique physiological properties of specific DLPN subpopulations. Here we revisit two broad DLPN subpopulations: those that send their axons within the telencephalon (intratelencephalic neurons) and those that project to additional target areas outside the telencephalon (extratelencephalic neurons). While neuroscientists across many subdisciplines have characterized the intrinsic and synaptic physiological properties of DLPN subpopulations, our increasing ability to selectively target and manipulate these output neuron subtypes advances our understanding of their distinct functional contributions. This Viewpoints article summarizes our current knowledge about DLPNs and highlights recent work elucidating the functional differences between DLPN subpopulations. </p>

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          The Journal of Neuroscience
          J. Neurosci.
          Society for Neuroscience
          0270-6474
          1529-2401
          June 13 2018
          June 13 2018
          June 13 2018
          May 21 2018
          : 38
          : 24
          : 5441-5455
          Article
          10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0150-18.2018
          6001033
          29798890
          4e634e99-64e3-4dd1-a714-0d2871fa7deb
          © 2018
          History

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