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      Psychometric validation of the PTSD Checklist-5 among female Filipino migrant workers Translated title: Validación psicométrica de la lista de chequeo-5 para TEPT entre trabajadoras migrantes filipinas Translated title: 菲律宾女性移民工人中的《PTSD检查表-5》心理测量验证

      research-article
      a , b , a , a , c , a , a , d , e
      European Journal of Psychotraumatology
      Taylor & Francis
      Posttraumatic stress disorder checklist, psychometric validation, posttraumatic stress disorder, trauma, migrants, Filipino, domestic workers, Lista de Chequeo para Estrés Postraumático, Validación psicométrica, Trastorno de estrés postraumático, Migrantes, Filipino, Trabajadoras domésticas, 创伤后应激障碍检查表, 心理测量验证, 创伤后应激障碍, 移民, 菲律宾, 家政工人, • The PCL-5 was evaluated for use among Filipino migrant workers.• The PCL-5 evidenced strong internal and test-retest reliability.• The PCL-5 demonstrated excellent convergent and discriminant validity.• Criterion validation of the PCL-5 showed the optimal cutoff score was 25.

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          ABSTRACT

          Migrant populations are at increased risk for exposure to traumatic life events. Presently, there are no reliable and valid screening instruments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Filipino migrant workers, a population that numbers over 2.3 million worldwide. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) in a sample of female Filipino migrant workers in Macao (SAR), China, in two studies. The first examined the reliability (internal and test-retest), convergent validity (with depression, anxiety, and rumination), and discriminant validity (with pain and social support) in a sample of 131 participants. The second study established criterion validity of the PCL-5 using the PTSD module of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), delivered by a female Filipino psychologist as the criterion, in a sample of 100 participants. Results indicated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.95) and moderate 10-day test-retest reliability (ρ = 0.58, p < .001). PCL-5 scores correlated strongly with scores on measures of depression (ρ = 0.71, p < .001), anxiety (ρ = 0.61, p < .001), and rumination (ρ = 0.68, p < .001), supporting convergent validity. Discriminant validity was demonstrated by a weaker association with scores on measures of pain (ρ = 0.33, p < .001) and social support (ρ = −0.11, p = .22). The diagnostic accuracy of the scale was good (AUC = 0.87). The optimal cutoff score of 25 optimized sensitivity (0.89) while maintaining adequate specificity (0.73), with a weighted Kappa of κ[1]) = 0.82. Our results demonstrated that the PCL-5 is a reliable and valid screening instrument for use among female Filipino migrant workers.

          Las poblaciones migrantes tienen un mayor riesgo de exposición a eventos traumáticos en la vida. Actualmente, no hay instrumentos de detección fiables y válidos para el trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT) entre los trabajadores migrantes filipinos, una población que cuenta con más de 2,3 millones en todo el mundo. Este estudio evaluó las propiedades psicométricas de la Lista de chequeo-5 para TEPT según el DSM-5 (PCL-5) en una muestra de trabajadoras migrantes filipinas en Macao (SAR), China, en dos estudios. El primero examinó la confiabilidad (reevaluación interna y de prueba), la validez convergente (con depresión, ansiedad y rumiación) y la validez discriminante (con dolor y apoyo social) en una muestra de 131 participantes. El segundo estudio estableció la validez de criterio del PCL-5 utilizando el módulo TEPT de la Entrevista Internacional Neuropsiquiátrica Mini (MINI) aplicado por una psicóloga filipina como criterio, en una muestra de 100 participantes. Los resultados indicaron una excelente consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach 0.95) y moderada fiabilidad de 10 días de prueba-reevaluación (ρ = 0.58, p <0.001). Las puntuaciones de PCL-5 se correlacionaron fuertemente con las puntuaciones en las medidas de depresión (ρ = 0.71, p <0.001), ansiedad (ρ = 0.61, p <0.001) y rumiación (ρ = 0.68, p <0.001), apoyando la validez convergente. La validez discriminante se demostró por una asociación más débil con las puntuaciones en las medidas del dolor ( p= 0.33, p<0.001) y apoyo social ( p= −0.11, p= 0.22).La precisión diagnóstica de la escala fue buena (AUC = 0.87). El punto de corte óptimo de 25 sensibilidad optimizada (0,89) manteniendo una especificidad adecuada (0,73), con un Kappa ponderado de κ [1]) = 0,82. Nuestros resultados demostraron que el PCL-5 es un instrumento de detección confiable y válido para el uso entre trabajadoras migrantes filipinas.

          移民人口暴露于创伤性生活事件的风险有所增加。全世界有超过230万菲律宾移民工人,目前还没有这个人群中可靠有效的创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)筛查工具。我们在两项研究中评估了中国澳门(SAR)女性菲律宾移民工人样本中DSM-5PTSD检查表(PCL-5)的心理测量特性。第一部分在131名被试的样本中检查了(内部和重测)信度,收敛效度(抑郁,焦虑和反刍)和区分效度(疼痛和社会支持)。第二项研究中由一名菲律宾女性心理学家按照国际神经精神访谈问卷(MINI)的PTSD模块做出诊断作为效标,在100名参与者的样本中建立了PCL-5的效标效度。结果显示出优异的内部一致性(Cronbach’s alpha = 0.95)和中度的10天重测信度(ρ= 0.58,p <0.001)。 PCL-5评分与抑郁测量(ρ= 0.71,p <0.001),焦虑(ρ= 0.61,p <0.001)和反刍(ρ= 0.68,p <0.001)的得分强烈相关,支持收敛效度。通过与疼痛测量得分(ρ= 0.33,p <0.001)和社会支持(ρ= −0.11, p= .22)的较弱相关证明了区分效度。该量表的诊断准确性良好(AUC = 0.87)。最佳临界分数25,优化后的灵敏度(0.89),同时又足够的特异性(0.73),加权Kappa为κ[1])= 0.82。我们的研究结果表明,PCL-5是一种可靠有效的筛查工具,适用于菲律宾女性移民工人群体。

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          Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (PCL-5) in veterans.

          This study examined the psychometric properties of the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (PCL-5; Weathers, Litz, et al., 2013b) in 2 independent samples of veterans receiving care at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center (N = 468). A subsample of these participants (n = 140) was used to define a valid diagnostic cutoff score for the instrument using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5; Weathers, Blake, et al., 2013) as the reference standard. The PCL-5 test scores demonstrated good internal consistency (α = .96), test-retest reliability (r = .84), and convergent and discriminant validity. Consistent with previous studies (Armour et al., 2015; Liu et al., 2014), confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the data were best explained by a 6-factor anhedonia model and a 7-factor hybrid model. Signal detection analyses using the CAPS-5 revealed that PCL-5 scores of 31 to 33 were optimally efficient for diagnosing PTSD (κ(.5) = .58). Overall, the findings suggest that the PCL-5 is a psychometrically sound instrument that can be used effectively with veterans. Further, by determining a valid cutoff score using the CAPS-5, the PCL-5 can now be used to identify veterans with probable PTSD. However, findings also suggest the need for research to evaluate cluster structure of DSM-5. (PsycINFO Database Record
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            Sampling and Estimation in Hidden Populations Using Respondent-Driven Sampling

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              Post-traumatic stress disorder following disasters: a systematic review.

              Disasters are traumatic events that may result in a wide range of mental and physical health consequences. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is probably the most commonly studied post-disaster psychiatric disorder. This review aimed to systematically assess the evidence about PTSD following exposure to disasters. MethodA systematic search was performed. Eligible studies for this review included reports based on the DSM criteria of PTSD symptoms. The time-frame for inclusion of reports in this review is from 1980 (when PTSD was first introduced in DSM-III) and February 2007 when the literature search for this examination was terminated. We identified 284 reports of PTSD following disasters published in peer-reviewed journals since 1980. We categorized them according to the following classification: (1) human-made disasters (n=90), (2) technological disasters (n=65), and (3) natural disasters (n=116). Since some studies reported on findings from mixed samples (e.g. survivors of flooding and chemical contamination) we grouped these studies together (n=13). The body of research conducted after disasters in the past three decades suggests that the burden of PTSD among persons exposed to disasters is substantial. Post-disaster PTSD is associated with a range of correlates including sociodemographic and background factors, event exposure characteristics, social support factors and personality traits. Relatively few studies have employed longitudinal assessments enabling documentation of the course of PTSD. Methodological limitations and future directions for research in this field are discussed.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Eur J Psychotraumatol
                Eur J Psychotraumatol
                ZEPT
                zept20
                European Journal of Psychotraumatology
                Taylor & Francis
                2000-8066
                2019
                04 February 2019
                : 10
                : 1
                : 1571378
                Affiliations
                [a ] Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Macau , Macau (SAR), People’s Republic of China
                [b ] Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, MD, USA
                [c ] Department of Psychology, Ateneo de Manila University , Quezon City, Philippines
                [d ] Department of Veteran Affairs, National Center for PTSD , Boston, USA
                [e ] Department of Psychiatry, Boston University , Boston, USA
                Author notes
                CONTACT Brian J. Hall brianhall@ 123456um.edu.mo Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Macau , Macau (SAR), People’s Republic of China
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9358-2377
                Article
                1571378
                10.1080/20008198.2019.1571378
                6366408
                30774783
                4e66e0b3-34dd-4a9f-8368-3017def66183
                © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 13 November 2018
                : 20 December 2018
                : 04 January 2019
                Page count
                Tables: 5, References: 101, Pages: 13
                Funding
                Funded by: Universidade de Macau (MO)/Macau Government
                Award ID: MYRG-2015-111
                This work was supported by the RSKTO, University of Macau/Macau Government [MYRG-2015-111].
                Categories
                Basic Research Article

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                posttraumatic stress disorder checklist,psychometric validation,posttraumatic stress disorder,trauma,migrants,filipino,domestic workers,lista de chequeo para estrés postraumático,validación psicométrica,trastorno de estrés postraumático,migrantes,trabajadoras domésticas,创伤后应激障碍检查表,心理测量验证,创伤后应激障碍,移民,菲律宾,家政工人,• the pcl-5 was evaluated for use among filipino migrant workers.• the pcl-5 evidenced strong internal and test-retest reliability.• the pcl-5 demonstrated excellent convergent and discriminant validity.• criterion validation of the pcl-5 showed the optimal cutoff score was 25.

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