Potencial genético de progênies de feijão-caupi segregantes quanto ao tipo da inflorescência

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Abstract

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial genético produtivo de progênies de feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata) segregantes quanto ao tipo da inflorescência. Foram avaliadas 68 progênies F4 obtidas dos retrocruzamentos: (TV x 5058-09C x Cacheado-roxo) x TV x 5058-09C e (AU94-MOB-816 x Cacheado-roxo) x AU94-MOB-816, com os genitores. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos no delineamento de blocos ao acaso, tendo-se avaliado 17 progênies, com quatro repetições, em parcelas subdivididas quanto à inflorescência: simples e composta. A análise estatística foi realizada por modelos mistos via procedimento REML/BLUP. As estimativas das variâncias genéticas foram significativas para todos os caracteres estudados. Os caracteres comprimento do pedúnculo, número médio de vagens por pedúnculo e floração inicial apresentaram alta variabilidade e expressão do componente genético para a inflorescência composta. As progênies de inflorescência simples apresentam potencial genético produtivo similar às progênies de inflorescência composta. As progênies resultantes do retrocruzamento (AU94-MOB-816 x Cacheado-roxo) x AU94-MOB-816 são promissoras como estratégia para aumentar os níveis atuais de produtividade do feijão-caupi.

Translated abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic yield potential of segregating cowpea progenies regarding inflorescence type. Sixty-eight F4 progenies obtained from the backcrosses (TV x 5058-09C x Curly-purple) x TV x 5058-09C, and (AU94-MOB-816 x Curly-purple) x AU94-MOB-816, with parents, were evaluated. Two experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design with 17 progenies and four replicates, in a split-plot arrangement regarding inflorescence: simple and composite. The statistical analysis was carried out by mixed models via REML/BLUP procedure. The estimates of genetic variance were significant for all evaluated traits. The traits peduncle length, average number of pods per peduncle, and initial flowering showed high variability and expression of the composite inflorescence genetic component. Progenies with simple inflorescence show similar genetic yield potential to the progenies with composite inflorescence. The progenies resulting from the backcrosses (AU94-MOB-816 x Curly-purple) x AU94-MOB-816 are promising as a strategy to increase the current levels of grain yield in cowpea.

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Best linear unbiased estimation and prediction under a selection model.

C. R. Henderson (1975)

Mixed linear models are assumed in most animal breeding applications. Convenient methods for computing BLUE of the estimable linear functions of the fixed elements of the model and for computing best linear unbiased predictions of the random elements of the model have been available. Most data available to animal breeders, however, do not meet the usual requirements of random sampling, the problem being that the data arise either from selection experiments or from breeders' herds which are undergoing selection. Consequently, the usual methods are likely to yield biased estimates and predictions. Methods for dealing with such data are presented in this paper.