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      Nano-Molar Deltamethrin Sensor Based on Electrical Impedance of PAH/PAZO Layer-by-Layer Sensing Films

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          Abstract

          This work reports a novel deltamethrin (DM) sensor able to detect nano-molar concentrations in ethanol solutions. The sensing layer consists of a thin film, obtained via a layer-by-layer technique, from alternate adsorption of poly(allylamine chloride) (PAH) and poly[1-[4-(3-carboxy-4-hydroxyphenylazo)-benzenesulfonamide)-1,2-ethanediyl]sodium salt] (PAZO) onto a solid support with interdigitaded gold electrodes. The sensor response, obtained from impedance spectroscopy measurements, was revealed to be linear with respect to the real part of impedance, taken at 100 Hz, when plotted as a function of the logarithm of deltamethrin molar concentrations in the micro- to nano-molar range. Sensor sensitivity was of 41.1 ± 0.7 kΩ per decade of concentration for an immersion time above 2 min and the reproducibility is approximately 2% in a binary solution of ethanol and deltamethrin. The main insight of this work concerns to DM detection limits as the sensor revealed to be able to detect concentrations below 0.1 nM, a value which is significantly lower than any reported in the literature and close what is appropriate for in situ environmental contaminant detection.

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          Most cited references56

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          Artificial Taste Sensor:  Efficient Combination of Sensors Made from Langmuir−Blodgett Films of Conducting Polymers and a Ruthenium Complex and Self-Assembled Films of an Azobenzene-Containing Polymer

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            A taste sensor

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              Development of a novel deltamethrin sensor based on molecularly imprinted silica nanospheres embedded CdTe quantum dots.

              A novel procedure for the determination of deltmethrin (DM) is reported. The water-soluble CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and highly fluorescent silica molecularly imprinted nanospheres embedded CdTe QDs (CdTe-SiO2-MIPs) were prepared and characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, TEM and IR. The fluorescence nanosensor based CdTe-SiO2-MIPs is developed. The possible quenching mechanism is discussed by DM. Under optimal conditions, the relative fluorescence intensity of CdTe-SiO2-MIPs decreased with increasing DM by a Stern-Volmer type equation in the concentration range of 0.5-35.0 μg mL(-1), the corresponding detection limit is 0.16 μg mL(-1). The developed sensor based on CdTe-SiO2-MIPs was applied to determine DM in fruit and vegetable samples.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Sensors (Basel)
                Sensors (Basel)
                Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
                Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
                1424-8220
                August 2013
                08 August 2013
                : 13
                : 8
                : 10167-10176
                Affiliations
                CEFITEC, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
                Author notes
                [* ] Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: mfr@ 123456fct.unl.pt ; Tel.: +351-21-294-85-76; Fax: +351-21-294-85-49.
                Article
                sensors-13-10167
                10.3390/s130810167
                3812598
                23966185
                4eafbb28-5d9f-4b9e-8077-cbab233feb35
                © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

                This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

                History
                : 19 July 2013
                : 01 August 2013
                : 05 August 2013
                Categories
                Article

                Biomedical engineering
                deltamethrin,interdigital gold sensor,complex impedance spectroscopy,layer-by-layer,thin-film,pah,pazo

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