Comparative Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti to Dengue Virus Infection After Feeding on Blood of Viremic Humans: Implications for Public Health

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Abstract

Aedes albopictus is secondary to Aedes aegypti as a vector of dengue viruses (DENVs) in settings of endemicity, but it plays an important role in areas of dengue emergence. This study compared the susceptibility of these 2 species to DENV infection by performing 232 direct blood-feeding experiments on 118 viremic patients with dengue in Vietnam. Field-derived A. albopictus acquired DENV infections as readily as A. aegypti after blood feeding . Once infected, A. albopictus permitted higher concentrations of DENV RNA to accumulate in abdominal tissues, compared with A. aegypti. However, the odds of A. albopictus having infectious saliva were lower than the odds observed for A. aegypti (odds ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval, .52–.93). These results quantitate the susceptibility of A. albopictus to DENV infection and will assist parameterization of models for predicting disease risk in settings where A. albopictus is present.

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Variation in vector competence for dengue 2 virus among 24 collections of Aedes aegypti from Mexico and the United States.

Miguel Farfán, Janet Olson, Ildefonso Fernandez-Salas … (2002)

Aedes aegypti from 24 collections in Mexico and the United States were challenged orally with dengue 2 virus JAM1409 (DEN-2 JAM1409). The vector competence (VC) of the populations ranged from 24% to 83%. Mosquito populations from the Yucatan exhibited greater VC than those from other areas of Mexico. The presence or absence of a midgut infection barrier (MIB) and a midgut escape barrier (MEB) was determined for mosquitoes in each population. The percentage of mosquitoes exhibiting an MIB ranged from 14% to 59%, and those exhibiting an MEB ranged from 4% to 43% in the collections. The MIB and MEB were not completely independent as determined by regression analysis. Midgut infection rates were dose dependent.

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Host and viral features of human dengue cases shape the population of infected and infectious Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

H. Nguyen, Georgina V Long, N. V. TRUNG … (2013)

Dengue is the most prevalent arboviral disease of humans. The host and virus variables associated with dengue virus (DENV) transmission from symptomatic dengue cases (n = 208) to Aedes aegypti mosquitoes during 407 independent exposure events was defined. The 50% mosquito infectious dose for each of DENV-1-4 ranged from 6.29 to 7.52 log10 RNA copies/mL of plasma. Increasing day of illness, declining viremia, and rising antibody titers were independently associated with reduced risk of DENV transmission. High early DENV plasma viremia levels in patients were a marker of the duration of human infectiousness, and blood meals containing high concentrations of DENV were positively associated with the prevalence of infectious mosquitoes 14 d after blood feeding. Ambulatory dengue cases had lower viremia levels compared with hospitalized dengue cases but nonetheless at levels predicted to be infectious to mosquitoes. These data define serotype-specific viremia levels that vaccines or drugs must inhibit to prevent DENV transmission.

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Comparative role of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti in the emergence of Dengue and Chikungunya in central Africa.

Eric M. Leroy, Jean Hervé, Maurice Demanou … (2010)

Since its discovery in Nigeria in 1991, Aedes albopictus has invaded much of Central Africa, a region where Ae. aegypti also occurs. To assess the relationship between the invasion by Ae. albopictus and the recent emergence of dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV), we undertook vector competence experiments on populations collected from Cameroon and conducted field investigations during concurrent epidemics of DENV and CHIKV in Gabon. Overall, infection and dissemination rates were not significantly different between Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti when exposed to titers of 10(8.1) mosquito infectious dose 50/mL and 10(7.5) plaque forming units/mL of DENV type 2 and CHIKV, respectively. Field investigations showed that Ae. albopictus readily bit man, was abundant, and outnumbered Ae. aegypti to a large extent in Gabon, particularly in suburban environments. Nevertheless, Ae. aegypti was predominant in the more urbanized central parts of Libreville. In this city, CHIKV and DENV were detected only in Ae. albopictus. These data strongly suggest that Ae. albopictus acted as the major vector of both viruses in Libreville in 2007, impacting on the epidemiology of DENV and CHIKV in this area.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Infect Dis

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J. Infect. Dis

Journal ID (publisher-id): jid

Journal ID (hwp): jinfdis

Title: The Journal of Infectious Diseases

Publisher: Oxford University Press

ISSN (Print): 0022-1899

ISSN (Electronic): 1537-6613

Publication date (Print): 15 October 2015

Publication date (Electronic): 17 March 2015

Publication date PMC-release: 17 March 2015

Volume: 212

Issue: 8

Pages: 1182-1190

Affiliations

[1 ]London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

[2 ]Oxford University , United Kingdom

[3 ]Oxford University Clinical Research Unit

[4 ]Hospital for Tropical Diseases , Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

[5 ]University of Melbourne , Australia

Author notes

Presented in part: 63rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, New Orleans, Louisiana, 2–6 November 2014.

Correspondence: James Whitehorn, MBBS, MRCP, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, 764 Vo Van Kiet, Quan 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam ( james.whitehorn@ 123456lshtm.ac.uk ).

Article

Publisher ID: jiv173

DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv173

PMC ID: 4577038

PubMed ID: 25784733

SO-VID: 4eb6bc95-7afd-46c3-9ef2-0c20c666e35a

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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Comparative Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti to Dengue Virus Infection After Feeding on Blood of Viremic Humans: Implications for Public Health

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Most cited references 34

Variation in vector competence for dengue 2 virus among 24 collections of Aedes aegypti from Mexico and the United States.

Host and viral features of human dengue cases shape the population of infected and infectious Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

Comparative role of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti in the emergence of Dengue and Chikungunya in central Africa.

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