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      Poder pronóstico de mortalidad a corto plazo del receptor soluble activador del plasminógeno tipo uroquinasa (suPAR) en los pacientes atendidos en urgencias por infección Translated title: Prognostic power of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) for short-term mortality in patients seen in Emergency Departments due to infections

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      1 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 1 , 3
      Revista Española de Quimioterapia
      Sociedad Española de Quimioterapia
      Biomarcadores, Servicio de Urgencias, Pronóstico, Mortalidad, Procalcitonina, Lactato, Proteína C reactiva, Receptor soluble del activador del plasminógeno de tipo uroquinasa, Biomarkers, Emergency Department, Elderly, Prognosis, Mortality, Procalcitonin, Lactate, C-reactive protein, Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR)

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          Abstract

          Objetivos

          Analizar y comparar el poder predictivo de mortalidad a 30 días de varios biomarcadores (proteína C reactiva, procalcitonina, lactato y suPAR) en los pacientes que acuden al servicio de urgencias (SU) por un episodio de infección. Y, secundariamente, si estos mejoran la capacidad pronóstica de los criterios de sepsis (síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica-SRIS- y del quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment –qSOFA-).

          Métodos

          Estudio observacional, prospectivo y analítico. Se incluyó consecutivamente a pacientes atendidos en un SU por un proceso infeccioso. Se analizaron 32 variables independientes (epidemiológicas, de comorbilidad, funcionales, clínicas y analíticas) que pudieran influir en la mortalidad a corto plazo (30 días).

          Resultados

          Se incluyó a 347 pacientes, de los que 54 (15,6%) habían fallecido a los 30 días tras su consulta en el SU. El suPAR es el biomarcador que consigue la mayor área bajo la curva (ABC)-ROC para predecir mortalidad a los 30 días de 0,836 [IC 95%: 0,765-0,907; p<0,001] y el punto de corte elegido con mayor capacidad predictiva es 10 ng/ml, que ofrece una sensibilidad 70%, especificidad de 86%. La escala qSOFA ≥ 2 consigue ABC-ROC de 0,707 [IC 95%: 0,621-0,793; p < 0,001] con sensibilidad de 53% y especificidad de 89%. El modelo combinado (suPAR > 10 ng/ml con qSOFA ≥ 2) mejora el ABC-ROC a 0,853 [IC 95%: 0,790-0,916; p<0,001] y ofrece el mejor rendimiento pronóstico con una sensibilidad de 39%, especificidad del 97% y un valor predictivo negativo de 90%.

          Conclusiones

          En los pacientes que acuden al SU por un episodio de infección, suPAR presenta una capacidad pronóstica de mortalidad a los 30 días superior al resto de biomarcadores, la qSOFA obtiene mayor rendimiento que los criterios de SRIS, y el modelo combinado qSOFA ≥ 2 con suPAR > 10 ng/ mL mejora el poder predictivo de qSOFA.

          Translated abstract

          Objectives

          To analyse and compare 30-day mortality prognostic power of several biomarkers (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, lactate and suPAR) in patients seen in emergency departments (ED) due to infections. Secondly, if these could improve the accuracy of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA).

          Methods

          A prospective, observational and analytical study was carried out on patients who were treated in an ED of one of the eight participating hospitals. An assessment was made of 32 independent variables that could influence mortality at 30 days. They covered epidemiological, comorbidity, functional, clinical and analytical factors.

          Results

          The study included 347 consecutive patients, 54 (15.6%) of whom died within 30 days of visiting the ED. SUPAR has got the best biomarker area under the curve (AUC)-ROC to predict mortality at 30 days of 0.836 (95% CI: 0.765-0.907; P < .001) with a cut-off > 10 ng/mL who had a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 86%. The score qSOFA ≥ 2 had AUC-ROC of 0.707 (95% CI: 0.621-0.793; P < .001) with sensitivity of 53% and a specificity of 89%. The mixed model (suPAR > 10 ng/mL plus qSOFA ≥ 2) has improved the AUC-ROC to 0.853 [95% CI: 0.790-0.916; P < .001] with the best prognostic performance: sensitivity of 39% and a specificity of 97% with a negative predictive value of 90%.

          Conclusions

          suPAR showed better performance for 30-day mortality prognostic power from several biomarkers in the patients seen in ED due to infections. Score qSOFA has better performance that SRIS and the mixed model (qSOFA ≥ 2 plus suPAR > 10 ng/mL) increased the ability of qSOFA.

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          Most cited references40

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          The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3).

          Definitions of sepsis and septic shock were last revised in 2001. Considerable advances have since been made into the pathobiology (changes in organ function, morphology, cell biology, biochemistry, immunology, and circulation), management, and epidemiology of sepsis, suggesting the need for reexamination.
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            A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: Development and validation

            The objective of this study was to develop a prospectively applicable method for classifying comorbid conditions which might alter the risk of mortality for use in longitudinal studies. A weighted index that takes into account the number and the seriousness of comorbid disease was developed in a cohort of 559 medical patients. The 1-yr mortality rates for the different scores were: "0", 12% (181); "1-2", 26% (225); "3-4", 52% (71); and "greater than or equal to 5", 85% (82). The index was tested for its ability to predict risk of death from comorbid disease in the second cohort of 685 patients during a 10-yr follow-up. The percent of patients who died of comorbid disease for the different scores were: "0", 8% (588); "1", 25% (54); "2", 48% (25); "greater than or equal to 3", 59% (18). With each increased level of the comorbidity index, there were stepwise increases in the cumulative mortality attributable to comorbid disease (log rank chi 2 = 165; p less than 0.0001). In this longer follow-up, age was also a predictor of mortality (p less than 0.001). The new index performed similarly to a previous system devised by Kaplan and Feinstein. The method of classifying comorbidity provides a simple, readily applicable and valid method of estimating risk of death from comorbid disease for use in longitudinal studies. Further work in larger populations is still required to refine the approach because the number of patients with any given condition in this study was relatively small.
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              • Article: found

              Assessment of Clinical Criteria for Sepsis: For the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3).

              The Third International Consensus Definitions Task Force defined sepsis as "life-threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated host response to infection." The performance of clinical criteria for this sepsis definition is unknown.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Rev Esp Quimioter
                Rev Esp Quimioter
                Sociedad Española de Quimioterapia
                Revista Española de Quimioterapia
                Sociedad Española de Quimioterapia
                0214-3429
                1988-9518
                03 December 2021
                2022
                : 35
                : 1
                : 50-62
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Servicio de Urgencias, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, España.
                [2 ]Servicio de Análisis Clínicos y Bioquímica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, España.
                [3 ]Universidad de Castilla La Mancha
                Author notes
                Correspondencia: Dr. Agustín Julián-Jiménez, MD, PhD. Servicio de Urgencias-Coordinador de Docencia, Formación, Investigación y Calidad. Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, España. Avda. de Barber nº 30. C.P: 45.004. Teléfono: +34925269200-ext 48560. - FAX: +34925269372 E-mail: agustinj@ 123456sescam.jccm.es
                Article
                revespquimioter-35-50
                10.37201/req/108.2021
                8790637
                34859658
                4ebfdef3-230f-49f9-b88c-c81ecb60b1fe
                © The Author 2021

                Published by Sociedad Española de Quimioterapia. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

                History
                : 29 July 2021
                : 21 September 2021
                : 28 October 2021
                : 30 October 2021
                Categories
                Original

                biomarcadores,servicio de urgencias,pronóstico,mortalidad,procalcitonina,lactato,proteína c reactiva,receptor soluble del activador del plasminógeno de tipo uroquinasa,biomarkers,emergency department,elderly,prognosis,mortality,procalcitonin,lactate,c-reactive protein,soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (supar)

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