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      Cytotoxic Terpene Quinones from Marine Sponges

      review-article
      Author(s):
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Marine Drugs
      Publisher: Molecular Diversity Preservation International
      Keywords: terpene quinone, terpene hydroquinone, avarone, avarol, cytotoxicity

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          Abstract

          The 1,4-benzoquinone moiety is a common structural feature in a large number of compounds that have received considerable attention owing to their broad spectrum of biological activities. The cytotoxic and antiproliferative properties of many natural sesquiterpene quinones and hydroquinones from sponges of the order Dictyoceratida, such as avarol, avarone, illimaquinone, nakijiquinone and bolinaquinone, offer promising opportunities for the development of new antitumor agents. The present review summarizes the structure and cytotoxicity of natural terpenequinones/hydroquinones and their bioactive analogues and derivatives.

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          Impact of natural products on developing new anti-cancer agents.

          Gordon M. Cragg, Paul G. Grothaus, David J Newman (2009)
          Article 0 comments Cited 271 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Natural products as leads to anticancer drugs.

            M Gordaliza (2007)
            Throughout history, natural products have afforded a rich source of compounds that have found many applications in the fields of medicine, pharmacy and biology. Within the sphere of cancer, a number of important new commercialised drugs have been obtained from natural sources, by structural modification of natural compounds, or by the synthesis of new compounds, designed following a natural compound as model. The search for improved cytotoxic agents continues to be an important line in the discovery of modern anticancer drugs. The huge structural diversity of natural compounds and their bioactivity potential have meant that several products isolated from plants, marine flora and microorganisms can serve as "lead" compounds for improvement of their therapeutic potential by molecular modification. Additionally, semisynthesis processes of new compounds, obtained by molecular modification of the functional groups of lead compounds, are able to generate structural analogues with greater pharmacological activity and with fewer side effects. These processes, complemented with high-throughput screening protocols, combinatorial chemistry, computational chemistry and bioinformatics are able to afford compounds that are far more efficient than those currently used in clinical practice. Combinatorial biosynthesis is also applied for the modification of natural microbial products. Likewise, advances in genomics and the advent of biotechnology have improved both the discovery and production of new natural compounds.
            Article 0 comments Cited 175 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Ziconotide: neuronal calcium channel blocker for treating severe chronic pain.

              G. Miljanich (2004)
              Ziconotide (PRIALT) is a neuroactive peptide in the final stages of clinical development as a novel non-opioid treatment for severe chronic pain. It is the synthetic equivalent of omega-MVIIA, a component of the venom of the marine snail, Conus magus. The mechanism of action underlying ziconotide's therapeutic profile derives from its potent and selective blockade of neuronal N-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels (N-VSCCs). Direct blockade of N-VSCCs inhibits the activity of a subset of neurons, including pain-sensing primary nociceptors. This mechanism of action distinguishes ziconotide from all other analgesics, including opioid analgesics. In fact, ziconotide is potently anti-nociceptive in animal models of pain in which morphine exhibits poor anti-nociceptive activity. Moreover, in contrast to opiates, tolerance to ziconotide is not observed. Clinical studies of ziconotide in more than 2,000 patients reveal important correlations to ziconotide's non-clinical pharmacology. For example, ziconotide provides significant pain relief to severe chronic pain sufferers who have failed to obtain relief from opiate therapy and no evidence of tolerance to ziconotide is seen in these patients. Contingent on regulatory approval, ziconotide will be the first in a new class of neurological drugs: the N-type calcium channel blockers, or NCCBs. Its novel mechanism of action as a non-opioid analgesic suggests ziconotide has the potential to play a valuable role in treatment regimens for severe chronic pain. If approved for clinical use, ziconotide will further validate the neuroactive venom peptides as a source of new and useful medicines.
              Article 0 comments Cited 140 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Mar Drugs
                Journal ID (publisher-id): MD
                Title: Marine Drugs
                Publisher: Molecular Diversity Preservation International
                ISSN (Electronic): 1660-3397
                Publication date Collection: 2010
                Publication date (Electronic): 24 November 2010
                Volume: 8
                Issue: 12
                Pages: 2849-2870
                Affiliations
                Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Salamanca University, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; E-Mail: mliza@ 123456usal.es ; Tel.: +34-923-294-528; Fax: +34-923-294-515
                Article
                Publisher ID: marinedrugs-08-02849
                DOI: 10.3390/md8122849
                PMC ID: 3039459
                PubMed ID: 21339953
                SO-VID: 4ef94110-c595-409a-9b92-96c370b36cb7
                Copyright © © 2010 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland
                License:

                This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

                History
                Date received : 7 October 2010
                Date revision received : 12 November 2010
                Date accepted : 17 November 2010
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Keywords: terpene hydroquinone,cytotoxicity,avarol,terpene quinone,avarone
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Keywords: terpene hydroquinone, cytotoxicity, avarol, terpene quinone, avarone

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