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      Chemical Enhancement for Retrofitting Moving Bed Biofilm and Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge Systems into Membrane Bioreactors

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          Abstract

          Positive effects of retrofitting MBBR and IFAS systems into MBRs can be exploited by introducing chemical enhancement applying coagulants in the membrane separation step. The current study reports basic principles of chemical enhancement with aluminium sulphate coagulant in biofilm-MBR (Bf-MBR) based on results of total recycle tests performed at different dosages of the chemical enhancer and properties characterization of filtrates, supernatants and sediments. It demonstrates a possibility to achieve lower membrane fouling rates with dosing of aluminium sulphate coagulant into MBBR and IFAS mixed liquors by extending operational cycles by 20 and 80 time respectively as well as increasing operating permeability of membrane separation by 1.3 times for IFAS. It has been found that charge neutralization is the dominating mechanism of aluminium sulphate action as a chemical enhancer in Bf-MBR, however, properties of the membrane surface influencing charge repulsion of foulants should be considered together with the secondary ability of the coagulant to improve consolidation of sediments.

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          Most cited references36

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          Recent advances in membrane bioreactors (MBRs): membrane fouling and membrane material.

          Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have been actively employed for municipal and industrial wastewater treatments. So far, membrane fouling and the high cost of membranes are main obstacles for wider application of MBRs. Over the past few years, considerable investigations have been performed to understand MBR fouling in detail and to develop high-flux or low-cost membranes. This review attempted to address the recent and current developments in MBRs on the basis of reported literature in order to provide more detailed information about MBRs. In this paper, the fouling behaviour, fouling factors and fouling control strategies were discussed. Recent developments in membrane materials including low-cost filters, membrane modification and dynamic membranes were also reviewed. Lastly, the future trends in membrane fouling research and membrane material development in the coming years were addressed.
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            Membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors—Characterisation, contradictions, cause and cures

            Anja Drews (2010)
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              The development of a biofilm membrane bioreactor

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Membranes (Basel)
                Membranes (Basel)
                membranes
                Membranes
                MDPI
                2077-0375
                22 October 2019
                October 2019
                : 9
                : 10
                : 135
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 1433 Aas, Norway; olga.kulesha@ 123456nmbu.no (O.K.); harsha.ratnaweera@ 123456nmbu.no (H.R.)
                [2 ]Institute of Water and Environment, Mekelle University, Mekelle 231, Tigray, Ethiopia; dkzigta@ 123456gmail.com
                [3 ]Faculty of Chemical Technology, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: zakhar.maletskyi@ 123456nmbu.no ; Tel.: +47-9806-9846
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1356-3588
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2095-3469
                Article
                membranes-09-00135
                10.3390/membranes9100135
                6836061
                31652575
                4ef9989a-492c-4f89-b6fd-fb8086a7efe6
                © 2019 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 17 August 2019
                : 18 October 2019
                Categories
                Article

                biofilm membrane bioreactor,chemical enhancement,coagulant,membrane fouling

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