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      High surface energy enhances cell response to titanium substrate microstructure.

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          Abstract

          Titanium (Ti) is used for implantable devices because of its biocompatible oxide surface layer. TiO2 surfaces that have a complex microtopography increase bone-to-implant contact and removal torque forces in vivo and induce osteoblast differentiation in vitro. Studies examining osteoblast response to controlled surface chemistries indicate that hydrophilic surfaces are osteogenic, but TiO2 surfaces produced until now exhibit low surface energy because of adsorbed hydrocarbons and carbonates from the ambient atmosphere or roughness induced hydrophobicity. Novel hydroxylated/hydrated Ti surfaces were used to retain high surface energy of TiO2. Osteoblasts grown on this modified surface exhibited a more differentiated phenotype characterized by increased alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin and generated an osteogenic microenvironment through higher production of PGE2 and TGF-beta1. Moreover, 1alpha,25OH2D3 increased these effects in a manner that was synergistic with high surface energy. This suggests that increased bone formation observed on modified Ti surfaces in vivo is due in part to stimulatory effects of high surface energy on osteoblasts.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          J Biomed Mater Res A
          Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A
          Wiley
          1549-3296
          1549-3296
          Jul 01 2005
          : 74
          : 1
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
          Article
          10.1002/jbm.a.30320
          15924300
          4f389a72-43fc-48cd-80a6-97bcc73d9b37
          (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
          History

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