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      Cross-Cultural adaptation and validation to Chilean youth people of Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) Translated title: Adaptación transcultural y validación de la Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) para jóvenes chilenos

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          Abstract

          Abstract The study of resilience as recovery from stress has been extended, and it is necessary to account for the development and psychometric properties of the scales that allow it to be used. The aim was to report on the cross-cultural adaptation process and psychometric properties of theBrief Resilience Scale (BRS)in young Chilean population. In 2016, three translators, and 1,237 students between 18 and 24 years old from a university in the Fifth Region of Chile participated. Linguistic and conceptual equivalence was achieved after carried out a double translation, back-translation and cognitive interviews with the target population. Difficulties were observed in item 2. From the Exploratory Factor Analysis, two factors emerged. In the Confirmatory Factorial Analysis, the fit indexes were suitable: χ2 = 9.256(6), p = .160; CFI = .995; TLI = .988; RMSEA = .035 CI 90% (.000, .076(. Total omega was .81. The stability per item was moderate; and high for the total score. Means were generally lower in women than in men but similar among age groups. It has evidence for concurrent and convergent validity. The BRS Chilean version might be useful for measuring resilience in young Chileans.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen El estudio de la resiliencia como recuperación del estrés se ha extendido, y se requiere dar cuenta del desarrollo y las propiedades psicométricas de las escalas que permiten utilizarla. El objetivo fue adaptar transculturalmente la Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) y evaluar sus propiedades psicométricas en población joven chilena. Participaron en el año 2016, tres traductores, y 1,237 estudiantes de 18 a 24 años de una universidad de la zona Central de Chile, 60.8% mujeres y 39.2% hombres. Se consiguió la equivalencia lingüística y conceptual después de una doble traducción, retro traducción y de realizar las entrevistas cognitivas con la población diana. Se observaron dificultades en el ítem 2. Del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio surgieron dos factores. Los índices de ajuste del Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio fueron adecuados: χ2 = 9.256(6), p = .160; CFI = .995; TLI = .988; RMSEA = .035, IC 90% (.000, .076(. El omega total .81. La estabilidad por ítem fue moderada y para la puntuación total, elevada. Las medias en general fueron menores en mujeres, pero similares entre grupos de edad. Hubo evidencia de validez concurrente y convergente. La versión chilena de la BRS puede ser útil para medir la resiliencia en jóvenes chilenos.

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          The Measurement of Observer Agreement for Categorical Data

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            Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).

            Resilience may be viewed as a measure of stress coping ability and, as such, could be an important target of treatment in anxiety, depression, and stress reactions. We describe a new rating scale to assess resilience. The Connor-Davidson Resilience scale (CD-RISC) comprises of 25 items, each rated on a 5-point scale (0-4), with higher scores reflecting greater resilience. The scale was administered to subjects in the following groups: community sample, primary care outpatients, general psychiatric outpatients, clinical trial of generalized anxiety disorder, and two clinical trials of PTSD. The reliability, validity, and factor analytic structure of the scale were evaluated, and reference scores for study samples were calculated. Sensitivity to treatment effects was examined in subjects from the PTSD clinical trials. The scale demonstrated good psychometric properties and factor analysis yielded five factors. A repeated measures ANOVA showed that an increase in CD-RISC score was associated with greater improvement during treatment. Improvement in CD-RISC score was noted in proportion to overall clinical global improvement, with greatest increase noted in subjects with the highest global improvement and deterioration in CD-RISC score in those with minimal or no global improvement. The CD-RISC has sound psychometric properties and distinguishes between those with greater and lesser resilience. The scale demonstrates that resilience is modifiable and can improve with treatment, with greater improvement corresponding to higher levels of global improvement. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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              Comparative fit indexes in structural models.

              Normed and nonnormed fit indexes are frequently used as adjuncts to chi-square statistics for evaluating the fit of a structural model. A drawback of existing indexes is that they estimate no known population parameters. A new coefficient is proposed to summarize the relative reduction in the noncentrality parameters of two nested models. Two estimators of the coefficient yield new normed (CFI) and nonnormed (FI) fit indexes. CFI avoids the underestimation of fit often noted in small samples for Bentler and Bonett's (1980) normed fit index (NFI). FI is a linear function of Bentler and Bonett's non-normed fit index (NNFI) that avoids the extreme underestimation and overestimation often found in NNFI. Asymptotically, CFI, FI, NFI, and a new index developed by Bollen are equivalent measures of comparative fit, whereas NNFI measures relative fit by comparing noncentrality per degree of freedom. All of the indexes are generalized to permit use of Wald and Lagrange multiplier statistics. An example illustrates the behavior of these indexes under conditions of correct specification and misspecification. The new fit indexes perform very well at all sample sizes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ap
                Anales de Psicología
                Anal. Psicol.
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Murcia, Spain )
                0212-9728
                1695-2294
                September 2021
                : 37
                : 2
                : 243-252
                Affiliations
                [2] Viña del Mar Valparaíso orgnameUniversidad de Playa Ancha de Ciencias de la Educación orgdiv1Centro de Estudios Avanzados orgdiv2Observatorio de Riesgos del Estudiante Chile
                [3] Tijuana orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Baja California orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Mexico
                [4] Valparaíso Valparaíso orgnameUniversidad de Playa Ancha de Ciencias de la Educación orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación Chile
                [5] Valparaíso Valparaíso orgnameUniversidad de Playa Ancha de Ciencias de la Educación orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Chile
                [1] Jalisco orgnameUniversidad de Guadalajara orgdiv1Centro de Investigación en Riesgos y Calidad de Vida (CIRCAV) Mexico
                Article
                S0212-97282021000200006 S0212-9728(21)03700200006
                10.6018/analesps.37.2.412931
                4faaa5cb-f498-4d1a-a158-5fb1977e9eed

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 January 2021
                : 03 February 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 56, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Developmental and Educational Psychology

                Resiliencia psicológica,Adulto joven,Encuestas y cuestionarios,Psicometría,Comparación transcultural,Psychometric,Surveys and questionnaires,Young adult,Cross-cultural comparison,Psychological resilience

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