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      Órteses de EVA no tratamento para pé torto congênito em recém-nascidos Translated title: EVA brace for treatment of congenital clubfoot in newborns

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          Abstract

          Resumo Introdução: Pé torto congênito (PTC) é uma deformidade ortopédica caracterizada por uma displasia congênita das estruturas musculoesqueléticas como músculos, tendões, ligamentos, estruturas osteoarticulares e neurovasculares, de origem multifatorial e causa idiopática. Objetivo Oferecer intervenção precoce no tratamento de pé torto congênito de recém-nascidos e apresentar o uso de Etil Vinil Acetato (EVA) como um material para produção de órteses ainda no período neonatal. Método Foi realizada intervenção em recém-nascidos de idade gestacional >37 semanas, de ambos os sexos, diagnosticados com pé torto congênito flexível. As órteses foram desenvolvidas com EVA de espessura 4 mm, velcro e cola quente, utilizando-se prancha de cabelo e tesoura para confecção. Resultados Foram incluídos 15 neonatos no estudo, com PTC bilateral. Para cada confecção de órtese foi usado em média 20 cm2 de EVA e nenhum recém-nascido evoluiu com úlcera de pressão. As órteses foram mantidas por 18 horas inicialmente e nenhuma família apresentou qualquer queixa ou dificuldade em manipular o material em casa, relatando integral satisfação. Aos 60 dias de tratamento, todos os bebês em acompanhamento alcançaram a pontuação 0 pela escala de Pirani, entretanto, por não apresentarem simetria dos pés, foram acompanhados por mais 30 dias. Na análise multivariada, observaram-se diferenças entre as avaliações (p = 0,001), e na comparação de pares, apenas a pontuação dos 30 com 60 dias, foram semelhantes (p = 0,45). Conclusão A rápida intervenção, realizada por profissional habilitado, utilizando-se órteses confeccionadas com EVA, mostrou-se eficaz para o tratamento conservador do PTC em recém-nascidos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction Congenital clubfoot (CC) is an orthopedic deformity characterized by congenital dysplasia of musculoskeletal structures such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, osteoarticular and neurovascular structures, of multifactorial and idiopathic origin. Objective Offer early intervention for the treatment of congenital clubfoot in newborns, using ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA) to produce braces in the neonatal period. Method Intervention was performed in newborns of both sexes, with gestational age >37 weeks, diagnosed with flexible congenital clubfoot. The braces were manufactured with 4 mm-thick EVA, Velcro and hot glue, using flat irons and scissors. Results Fifteen newborns were included in the study, with bilateral CC and 32 braces. An average of 20 cm2 of EVA was used for each brace and none of the newborns developed pressure sores. Braces were worn initially for 18 hours and no family member expressed any complaint or difficulty in handling the device at home, reporting complete satisfaction. After 60 days of treatment, all the infants in the follow-up achieved a score of 0 on the Pirani scale, but were monitored for a further 30 days because they did not exhibit symmetrical feet. Multivariate analysis revealed differences between assessments (p = 0.001), and in pair comparison, only a score of 30 after 60 days was similar (p = 0.45). Conclusion Rapid intervention, performed by a qualified professional using EVA braces, proved to be effective for conservative treatment of CC in newborns.

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          Urban as a Determinant of Health

          Cities are the predominant mode of living, and the growth in cities is related to the expansion of areas that have concentrated disadvantage. The foreseeable trend is for rising inequities across a wide range of social and health dimensions. Although qualitatively different, this trend exists in both the developed and developing worlds. Improving the health of people in slums will require new analytic frameworks. The social-determinants approach emphasizes the role of factors that operate at multiple levels, including global, national, municipal, and neighborhood levels, in shaping health. This approach suggests that improving living conditions in such arenas as housing, employment, education, equality, quality of living environment, social support, and health services is central to improving the health of urban populations. While social determinant and multilevel perspectives are not uniquely urban, they are transformed when viewed through the characteristics of cities such as size, density, diversity, and complexity. Ameliorating the immediate living conditions in the cities in which people live offers the greatest promise for reducing morbidity, mortality, and disparities in health and for improving quality of life and well being.
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            Parental Presence and Holding in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Associations with Early Neurobehavior

            Objective To investigate the effects of parental presence and infant holding in the NICU on neurobehavior at term equivalent. Study Design Prospective cohort enrolled 81 infants born <30 weeks gestation. Nurses tracked parent visitation, holding, and skin-to-skin care throughout the NICU hospitalization. At term, the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale was administered. Associations between visitation, holding, and early neurobehavior were determined using linear and logistic regression. Results The mean hours/week of parent visitation was 21.33±20.88 (median= 13.90; interquartile range 10.10–23.60). Infants were held an average of 2.29±1.47 days/week (median= 2.00; interquartile range 1.20–3.10). Over the admission, visitation hours decreased (p=0.01), while holding frequencies increased (p<0.001). More visitation was associated with better quality of movement (p=0.02), less arousal (p=0.01), less excitability (p=0.03), more lethargy (p=0.01) and more hypotonia (p<0.01). More holding was associated with improved quality of movement (p<0.01), less stress (p<0.01), less arousal (p=0.04) and less excitability (p<0.01). Interpretation Infants of caregivers who were visited and held more often in the NICU had differences in early neurobehavior by term equivalent, which supports increased early parenting in the NICU.
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              Efeitos do uso de órtese na mobilidade funcional de crianças com paralisia cerebral

              Objetivo:Comparar o desempenho motor de crianças com paralisia cerebral (PC) em duas condições: com órtese e sem órtese. Métodos:Vinte crianças PC foram avaliadas utilizando-se o teste Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), a versão modificada da avaliação da marcha Physicians Rating Scale (PRS) e entrevista com os pais para avaliar o uso de órteses na rotina diária. Resultados:O teste ANOVA que foi utilizado para avaliar o efeito do uso órtese na mobilidade das crianças revelou médias significantemente superiores na condição com órtese durante o desempenho motor grosso e na marcha. Entrevistas informaram que o uso de órteses estava inserido na rotina diária e os pais demonstraram percepção positiva com relação ao uso desse dispositivo. Conclusão: As órteses promoveram o desempenho de tarefas motoras da rotina diária de crianças com PC, podendo orientar os processos de avaliação e de intervenção dos profissionais que trabalham com essa clientela.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                cadbto
                Cadernos Brasileiros de Terapia Ocupacional
                Cad. Bras. Ter. Ocup.
                Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Departamento de Terapia Ocupacional (São Carlos, SP, Brazil )
                2526-8910
                December 2019
                : 27
                : 4
                : 703-709
                Affiliations
                [03] Natal Rio Grande do Norte orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte orgdiv1Departamento de Fisioterapia Brazil
                [02] Santa Cruz Rio Grande do Norte orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
                [01] Santa Cruz RN orgnameEmpresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares orgdiv1Hospital Universitário Ana Bezerra Brasil
                Article
                S2526-89102019000400703
                10.4322/2526-8910.ctoao1915
                4fb4bd0c-5289-4b28-a212-c758a036fd5e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 March 2019
                : 26 June 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Órtese,Pé Torto/Congênito,Recém-Nascido,Orthotic Devices,Talipes/Congenital,Infant,Newborn

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