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      VARIABLES PSICOLÓGICAS EN MUJERES DIAGNOSTICADAS CON VIH/SIDA: UN ESTUDIO CORRELACIONAL<a href="#*">*</a> Translated title: PSYCHOLOGICAL VARIABLES IN WOMEN DIAGNOSED WIHT HIV/AIDS: A CORRELATIONAL STUDY

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          Abstract

          Este artículo presenta la descripción y correlación de las variables psicológicas ansiedad, depresión, Percepción de Control sobre la Salud -PCS- y Percepción de Control sobre Eventos Estresantes de la Vida -PCEEV- en mujeres diagnosticadas con VIH/Sida. La investigación fue de carácter no experimental, de tipo descriptivo-correlacional, con diseño transversal. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 47 mujeres atendidas en instituciones de salud de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia. Como medidas se utilizaron la entrevista de datos sociodemográficos, características biomédicas y psicosociales en mujeres diagnosticadas con VIH/Sida (diseñada por los autores) y una batería de evaluación de variables psicológicas adaptada para mujeres diagnosticadas con VIH/Sida. Los resultados generales muestran que el 23,4% de la muestra presenta indicadores clínicos de ansiedad, el 10,63% de depresión, el 6,38% muestra bajos niveles de PCS y el 100% de las participantes muestra niveles moderados de PCEEV. Las variables ansiedad y depresión presentaron una correlación positiva, así como la PCEEV con ansiedad y depresión; depresión con PCS y ansiedad con PCS presentaron correlaciones negativas.

          Translated abstract

          This paper presents the description and correlation of the psychosocial variables anxiety, depression, Perceived Health Control (PHC) and Perceived Control of Life Stress Events (PCLSE) in women diagnosed with HIV/Aids. The research was a non-experimental, descriptive and correlational study, with a transversal design. The sample was composed of 47 HIV/Aids diagnosed women attended at health services from Cali, Colombia. The measures consisted of the Socio-demographic, psychosocial and biomedical information interview for HIV/Aids diagnosed women (designed by the authors) and the Psychological variables assessment battery, adapted for HIV/Aids diagnosed women. The main results show that 23,4% of the sample presents clinical signs of anxiety, 10,63% of depression, 6,3% show low levels of PHC, and the 100% presented moderate levels of PCLSE. The anxiety and depression variables presented a positive correlation, as did PCLSE with anxiety and depression; depression with PHC and anxiety with PHC presented a negative correlation.

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          The hospital anxiety and depression scale.

          A self-assessment scale has been developed and found to be a reliable instrument for detecting states of depression and anxiety in the setting of an hospital medical outpatient clinic. The anxiety and depressive subscales are also valid measures of severity of the emotional disorder. It is suggested that the introduction of the scales into general hospital practice would facilitate the large task of detection and management of emotional disorder in patients under investigation and treatment in medical and surgical departments.
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            How coping mediates the effect of optimism on distress: A study of women with early stage breast cancer.

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              Mortality, CD4 cell count decline, and depressive symptoms among HIV-seropositive women: longitudinal analysis from the HIV Epidemiology Research Study.

              The impact of depression on morbidity and mortality among women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has not been examined despite the fact that women with HIV have substantially higher rates of depression than their male counterparts. To determine the association of depressive symptoms with HIV-related mortality and decline in CD4 lymphocyte counts among women with HIV. The HIV Epidemiologic Research Study, a prospective, longitudinal cohort study conducted from April 1993 through January 1995, with follow-up through March 2000. Four academic medical centers in Baltimore, Md; Bronx, NY; Providence, RI; and Detroit, Mich. A total of 765 HIV-seropositive women aged 16 to 55 years. HIV-related mortality and CD4 cell count slope decline over a maximum of 7 years, compared among women with limited or no depressive symptoms, intermittent depressive symptoms, or chronic depressive symptoms, as measured using the self-report Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. In multivariate analyses controlling for clinical, treatment, and other factors, women with chronic depressive symptoms were 2 times more likely to die than women with limited or no depressive symptoms (relative risk [RR], 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-3.8). Among women with CD4 cell counts of less than 200 x 10(6)/L, HIV-related mortality rates were 54% for those with chronic depressive symptoms (RR, 4.3; 95% CI, 1.6-11.6) and 48% for those with intermittent depressive symptoms (RR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.1-10.5) compared with 21% for those with limited or no depressive symptoms. Chronic depressive symptoms were also associated with significantly greater decline in CD4 cell counts after controlling for other variables in the model, especially among women with baseline CD4 cell counts of less than 500 x 10(6)/L and baseline viral load greater than 10 000 copies/microL. Our results indicate that depressive symptoms among women with HIV are associated with HIV disease progression, controlling for clinical, substance use, and sociodemographic characteristics. These results highlight the importance of adequate diagnosis and treatment of depression among women with HIV. Further research is needed to determine if treatment of depression can not only enhance the mental health of women with HIV but also impede disease progression and mortality.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rups
                Universitas Psychologica
                Univ. Psychol.
                Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (Bogotá )
                1657-9267
                October 2006
                : 5
                : 3
                : 659-668
                Affiliations
                [1 ] PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD JAVERIANA
                Article
                S1657-92672006000300018
                4fd048d0-79cd-4cc4-b31e-a6d8db7ae16b

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1657-9267&lng=en
                Categories
                PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Women,HIV/Aids,Anxiety,Depression,Perceived health control,Perceived control of life stress events,Mujeres,VIH/Sida,ansiedad,depresión,Percepción de Control sobre la Salud,Percepción de Control sobre Eventos Estresantes

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