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      El método Delphi: cuando dos cabezas piensan más que una en el desarrollo de guías de práctica clínica Translated title: The Delphi Technique: “When Two Heads Think Better than One” in the Development of Guidelines for Clinical Practice

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          Abstract

          Introducción: Las guías de práctica clínica deben basarse en la mejor evidencia disponible para formular recomendaciones aplicables y específicas a la práctica clínica. Objetivos: Revisar la técnica Delfos para lograr consenso entre los expertos y presentar recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia a fin de mejorar el desarrollo de una guía clínica. Método: Este artículo revisa la estructuración necesaria que se debe considerar durante el consenso para formular recomendaciones en las guías de práctica clínica. Conclusión: La técnica Delfos ayuda a obtener opiniones de una pregunta de investigación particular. Está basado en la premisa de que la inteligencia colectiva, desde el juicio individual, captura la opinión colectiva de un grupo de expertos sin necesidad de estar físicamente conectados.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction: Clinical practice guidelines should be based on the best available evidence. Other considerations beyond the evidence are therefore needed in order to formulate specific and applicable recommendations for clinical practice. Objective: The aim of this paper was to review the Delphi technique for achieving consensus among experts in the development of evidence-based guidelines. Method: This paper reviews the structuring necessary for obtaining consensus in the process of formulating recommendations for clinical guidelines. Conclusion: The Delphi technique is a method for collecting opinions on a particular research question. It is based on the premise that pooled intelligence enhances individual judgment and captures the collective opinion of a group of experts without them being physically present.

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          Stability of response characteristics of a Delphi panel: application of bootstrap data expansion

          Background Delphi surveys with panels of experts in a particular area of interest have been widely utilized in the fields of clinical medicine, nursing practice, medical education and healthcare services. Despite this wide applicability of the Delphi methodology, there is no clear identification of what constitutes a sufficient number of Delphi survey participants to ensure stability of results. Methods The study analyzed the response characteristics from the first round of a Delphi survey conducted with 23 experts in healthcare quality and patient safety. The panel members had similar training and subject matter understanding of the Malcolm Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence in Healthcare. The raw data from the first round sampling, which usually contains the largest diversity of responses, were augmented via bootstrap sampling to obtain computer-generated results for two larger samples obtained by sampling with replacement. Response characteristics (mean, trimmed mean, standard deviation and 95% confidence intervals) for 54 survey items were compared for the responses of the 23 actual study participants and two computer-generated samples of 1000 and 2000 resampling iterations. Results The results from this study indicate that the response characteristics of a small expert panel in a well-defined knowledge area are stable in light of augmented sampling. Conclusion Panels of similarly trained experts (who possess a general understanding in the field of interest) provide effective and reliable utilization of a small sample from a limited number of experts in a field of study to develop reliable criteria that inform judgment and support effective decision-making.
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            Enhancing Delphi research: methods and results.

            The Delphi method provides an opportunity for experts (panelists) to communicate their opinions and knowledge anonymously about a complex problem, to see how their evaluation of the issue aligns with others, and to change their opinions, if desired, after reconsideration of the findings of the group's work. Delphi studies have the potential to provide valuable information, yet few researchers have taken further steps to support or refine their findings. Without this step there is a potential threat to the applicability, or external validity, of the results.
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              The Delphi method. an experimental study of group opinion

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rcp
                Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría
                rev.colomb.psiquiatr.
                Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria. (Bogotá )
                0034-7450
                March 2009
                : 38
                : 1
                : 185-193
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Fundación Cardioinfantil Colombia
                Article
                S0034-74502009000100013
                5060b3d1-2dc0-47c1-96b6-d4db042e6c65

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0034-7450&lng=en
                Categories
                PSYCHIATRY

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Practice guideline,consensus,Delphi technique,guía de práctica clínica,consenso,técnica Delphi

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