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Abstract
Despite clear guidelines recommendations, most patients with heart failure and reduced
ejection-fraction (HFrEF) do not attain guideline-recommended target doses. We aimed
to investigate characteristics and for treatment-indication-bias corrected clinical
outcome of patients with HFrEF that did not reach recommended treatment doses of ACE-inhibitors/Angiotensin
receptor blockers (ARBs) and/or beta-blockers.