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      Study on the Synthesize, Characterization, and Conductive Performance of Nickelzircomolybdnum Heteropoly Acid Salt with Keggin Structure

      Author(s): 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 2
      Publication date Created:
      Publication date (Print):
      Journal: Advances in Polymer Technology
      Publisher: Hindawi Limited

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          Abstract

          A novel heteropoly acid salt, Na 6[Ni(Mo 11ZrO 39)]·20H 2O, has been synthesized by the means of acidification and adding the reactants into the solution step by step. The heteropoly compound was characterized by elemental analysis, TGA/DSC, infrared spectrum, ultraviolet spectrum, X-ray diffraction, and SEM. Its protonic conduction was measured by the means of the electrochemical impedance spectrum. The results showed that it belongs to the Keggin type, and its conductivity value was 1.23 × 10 –2 S/cm at 23°C when the relative humidity was 60%, and the conductivity enhanced with the elevated temperature. Its proton conduction mechanism was in accordance with vehicle mechanism, and the activation energy was 27.82 kJ/mol.

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          Occurrence, distribution and seasonal variation of five neonicotinoids insecticides in surface water and sediment of the Pearl Rivers, South China

          Chao Zhang, Di Tian, XiaoHui Yi … (2018)
          Occurrence and distribution of five neonicotinoids (NEOs) in surface water and sediment were studied in the Pearl Rivers, including three trunk streams, Dongjiang, Beijiang, Xijiang River (DR, BR and XR), South China. At least one neonicotinoid was detected in surface water and sediment of the Pearl Rivers, with imidacloprid (IMI) and thiamethoxam (THM) being the frequently detected NEOs. Total amount of NEOs (∑5neonics) in surface water and sediment ranged from 24.0 to 322 ng/L, and from 0.11 to 11.6 ng/g dw, respectively. Moreover, the order of contamination level of NEOs in the Pearl Rivers was as follows: XR > DR > BR for surface water, and BR > DR > XR for sediment. Local agricultural activities and effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) could be major sources of NEOs in the Pearl Rivers. Solubilization and dilution of NEOs between surface water and sediment during different seasons (spring and summer) could be attributed to rainfall intensities or climate of the Pearl River Delta. An ecological risk assessment of the exposure to current environmental concentration of imidacloprid and ∑5NEOs suggests a threat to sensitive non-target invertebrates, including aquatic invertebrates. Results would provide a better understanding of NEOs contamination in the Pearl Rivers, as well as being a reliable dataset for decision-making in contamination control and environmental protection.
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            Occurrence and distribution of neonicotinoid insecticides in surface water and sediment of the Guangzhou section of the Pearl River, South China

            Xiaohui Yi, Chao Zhang, Hongbin Liu … (2019)
            Little information is available about the occurrence of neonicotinoid insecticides in surface water and sediment of the metropolitan regions around the rivers in China. Here we investigate the residual level of neonicotinoids in the Guangzhou section of the Pearl River. At least one or two neonicotinoids was detected in each surface water and sediment, and the total amount of neonicotinoids (∑5neonics) in surface water ranged from 92.6 to 321 ng/L with a geometric mean (GM) of 174 ng/L. Imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and acetamiprid were three frequently detected neonicotinoids (100%) from surface water. As for the sediment, total concentration was varied between 0.40 and 2.59 ng/g dw with a GM of 1.12 ng/g dw, and acetamiprid and thiacloprid were the common sediment neonicotinoids. Western and Front river-route of the Guangzhou section of the Pearl River suffered a higher neonicotinoids contamination than the Rear river-route, resulting from more effluents of WWTPs receiving, and intensive commercial and human activities. Level of residual neonicotinoids in surface water was significantly correlated with the water quality (p < 0.01), especially items of pH, DO and ORP, and nitrogen and phosphorus contaminants. Compared with reports about residual neonicotinoids in water and sediment previously, the metropolitan regions of the Guangzhou could be confronted with a moderate contamination and showed serious ecological threats (even heavier than the Pearl Rivers). Our results will provide valuable data for understanding of neonicotinoids contamination in the Pearl River Delta and be helpful for further assessing environmental risk of neonicotinoids.
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              Polyoxometalate-functionalized metal–organic frameworks with improved water retention and uniform proton-conducting pathways in three orthogonal directions

              Yiwei Liu, Xiao Xiao Yang, Jun Miao … (2014)
              Polyoxometalate-functionalized MOFs with uniform proton-conducting pathways in three orthogonal directions realized 5 orders of magnitude increase of proton conduction. Polyoxometalate-functionalized metal–organic frameworks featuring uniform proton-conducting pathways in three orthogonal directions, good water retention and stability were prepared. The proton conductivity of the hybrid material was observed to increase by 5 orders of magnitude compared to that of the parent material HKUST-1.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Advances in Polymer Technology
                Abbreviated Title: Advances in Polymer Technology
                Publisher: Hindawi Limited
                ISSN (Print): 0730-6679
                ISSN (Electronic): 1098-2329
                Publication date Created: December 29 2019
                Publication date (Print): December 29 2019
                Volume: 2019
                Pages: 1-4
                Affiliations
                [1 ]School of Civil & Architecture Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Shaanxi, China
                [2 ]School of Materials & Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Shaanxi, China
                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2019/9501593
                SO-VID: 50db34bd-4f08-46d9-a90e-60beeff1ff4d
                Copyright © © 2019
                License:

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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