For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
34
views
80
references
 Top references
cited by
4
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      120
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Epidemiology on demand: population-based approaches to mental health service commissioning

      research-article
      Author(s): 1
      Publication date PMC-release:
      Journal: BJPsych Bulletin
      Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          One in three people will experience a mental health problem in their lifetime, but the causes and consequences of psychiatric morbidity are socially patterned. Epidemiological studies can provide aetiological clues about the causes of disorder, and when they can provide robust estimates about risk in different strata of the population these can also be used translationally, to provide commissioners and service planners with detailed information about local service need. This approach is illustrated using a newly developed population-level prediction tool for first-episode psychosis, PsyMaptic. Such public mental health prediction tools could be used to improve allocation of finite resources, by integrating evidence-based healthcare, public health and epidemiology together.

          Related collections

          Most cited references80

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Association between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome in cohorts of first-episode patients: a systematic review.

          Max Marshall, Shôn Lewis, Austin Lockwood … (2005)
          Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is the time from manifestation of the first psychotic symptom to initiation of adequate treatment. It has been postulated that a longer DUP leads to a poorer prognosis. If so, outcome might be improved through earlier detection and treatment. To establish whether DUP is associated with prognosis and to determine whether any association is explained by confounding with premorbid adjustment. The CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health), EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsychLIT databases were searched from their inception dates to May 2004. Eligible studies reported the relationship between DUP and outcome in prospective cohorts recruited during their first episode of psychosis. Twenty-six eligible studies involving 4490 participants were identified from 11 458 abstracts, each screened by 2 reviewers. Data were extracted independently and were checked by double entry. Sensitivity analyses were conducted excluding studies that had follow-up rates of less than 80%, included affective psychoses, or did not use a standardized assessment of DUP. Independent meta-analyses were conducted of correlational data and of data derived from comparisons of long and short DUP groups. Most data were correlational, and these showed a significant association between DUP and several outcomes at 6 and 12 months (including total symptoms, depression/anxiety, negative symptoms, overall functioning, positive symptoms, and social functioning). Long vs short DUP data showed an association between longer DUP and worse outcome at 6 months in terms of total symptoms, overall functioning, positive symptoms, and quality of life. Patients with a long DUP were significantly less likely to achieve remission. The observed association between DUP and outcome was not explained by premorbid adjustment. There is convincing evidence of a modest association between DUP and outcome, which supports the case for clinical trials that examine the effect of reducing DUP.
          Article 0 comments Cited 309 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            The psychosis high-risk state: a comprehensive state-of-the-art review.

            Lucia Valmaggia, William Carpenter, Larry Seidman … (2012)
            During the past 2 decades, a major transition in the clinical characterization of psychotic disorders has occurred. The construct of a clinical high-risk (HR) state for psychosis has evolved to capture the prepsychotic phase, describing people presenting with potentially prodromal symptoms. The importance of this HR state has been increasingly recognized to such an extent that a new syndrome is being considered as a diagnostic category in the DSM-5. To reframe the HR state in a comprehensive state-of-the-art review on the progress that has been made while also recognizing the challenges that remain. Available HR research of the past 20 years from PubMed, books, meetings, abstracts, and international conferences. Critical review of HR studies addressing historical development, inclusion criteria, epidemiologic research, transition criteria, outcomes, clinical and functional characteristics, neurocognition, neuroimaging, predictors of psychosis development, treatment trials, socioeconomic aspects, nosography, and future challenges in the field. Relevant articles retrieved in the literature search were discussed by a large group of leading worldwide experts in the field. The core results are presented after consensus and are summarized in illustrative tables and figures. The relatively new field of HR research in psychosis is exciting. It has the potential to shed light on the development of major psychotic disorders and to alter their course. It also provides a rationale for service provision to those in need of help who could not previously access it and the possibility of changing trajectories for those with vulnerability to psychotic illnesses.
            Article 0 comments Cited 189 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Mapping the onset of psychosis: the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States.

              Alison R Yung, Hok Pan Yuen, Patrick D McGorry … (2015)
              Recognizing the prodrome of a first psychotic episode prospectively creates the opportunity of intervention, which could delay, ameliorate or even prevent onset. Valid criteria and a reliable methodology for identifying possible prodromes are needed. This paper describes an instrument, the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS), which has been designed for such a purpose. It has two functions: (i) to assess psychopathology thought to indicate imminent development of a first-episode psychotic disorder; and (ii) to determine if an individual meets criteria for being at ultra high risk (UHR) for onset of first psychotic disorder. This paper describes the pilot evaluation of the CAARMS. Several methodologies were used to test the CAARMS. First, CAARMS scores in a group of UHR young people and the association between CAARMS scores and the risk of transition to psychotic disorder, were analysed. Second, CAARMS scores in a UHR group were compared to a control group. To assess concurrent validity, CAARMS-defined UHR criteria were compared to the existing criteria for identifying the UHR cohort. To assess predictive validity, the CAARMS-defined UHR criteria were applied to a sample of 150 non-psychotic help-seekers and rates of onset of psychotic disorder at 6-month follow-up determined for the CAARMS-positive (i.e. met UHR criteria) group and the CAARMS-negative (i.e. did not meet UHR criteria) group. The inter-rater reliability of the CAARMS was assessed by using pairs of raters. High CAARMS score in the UHR group was significantly associated with onset of psychotic disorder. The control group had significantly lower CAARMS scores than the UHR group. The UHR criteria assessed by the CAARMS identified a similar group to the criteria measured by existing methodology. In the sample of non-psychotic help-seekers those who were CAARMS-positive were at significantly increased risk of onset of psychotic disorder compared to those who were CAARMS-negative (relative risk of 12.44 (95% CI = 1.5-103.41, p = 0.0025)). The CAARMS had good to excellent reliability. In these preliminary investigations, the CAARMS displayed good to excellent concurrent, discriminant and predictive validity and excellent inter-rater reliability. The CAARMS instrument provides a useful platform for monitoring subthreshold psychotic symptoms for worsening into full-threshold psychotic disorder.
              Article 0 comments Cited 159 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BJPsych Bull
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BJPsych Bull
                Journal ID (hwp): pbrcpsych
                Title: BJPsych Bulletin
                Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists
                ISSN (Print): 2056-4694
                ISSN (Electronic): 2056-4708
                Publication date (Print): October 2015
                Publication date PMC-release: October 2015
                Volume: 39
                Issue: 5
                Pages: 242-247
                Affiliations
                [1 ]University College London
                Author notes
                Correspondence to James Kirkbride ( j.kirkbride@ 123456ucl.ac.uk )

                Dr James Kirkbride is a Sir Henry Dale Fellow at the Division of Psychiatry, University College London, UK.

                Article
                DOI: 10.1192/pb.bp.114.047746
                PMC ID: 4706199
                SO-VID: 51347b04-a6d2-479b-87b2-5b0fa541b03c
                Copyright © © 2015 The Author
                License:

                This is an open-access article published by the Royal College of Psychiatrists and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 22 April 2014
                Date revision received : 31 July 2014
                Date accepted : 3 September 2014
                Funding
                Funded by: Wellcome Trust
                Funded by: Royal Society
                Award ID: 101272/Z/13/Z
                Funded by: Sir Henry Wellcome Fellowship
                Award ID: WT085540
                Funded by: NIHR Collaboration
                Award ID: RP-PG-0606-1335
                Categories
                Subject: Special Articles

                Data availability:

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content120

                See all similar

                Cited by4

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors712

                See all reference authors