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      Microcirculation of skeletal muscle adapts differently to a resistive exercise intervention with and without superimposed whole-body vibrations.

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          Abstract

          Whole-body vibration (WBV) training is commonly practiced and may enhance peripheral blood flow. Here, we investigated muscle morphology and acute microcirculatory responses before and after a 6-week resistive exercise training intervention without (RE) or with (RVE) simultaneous whole-body vibrations (20 Hz, 6 mm peak-to-peak amplitude) in 26 healthy men in a randomized, controlled parallel-design study. Total haemoglobin (tHb) and tissue oxygenation index (TOI) were measured in gastrocnemius muscle (GM) with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Whole-body oxygen consumption (VO2 ) was measured via spirometry, and skeletal muscle morphology was determined in soleus (SOL) muscle biopsies. Our data reveal that exercise-induced muscle deoxygenation both before and after 6 weeks training was similar in RE and RVE (P = 0.76), although VO2 was 20% higher in the RVE group (P < 0.001). The RVE group showed a 14%-point increase in reactive hyperaemia (P = 0.007) and a 27% increase in blood volume (P < 0.01) in GM after 6 weeks of training. The number of capillaries around fibres was increased by 15% after 6 weeks training in both groups (P < 0.001) with no specific effect of superimposed WBV (P = 0.61). Neither of the training regimens induced fibre hypertrophy in SOL. The present findings suggest an increased blood volume and vasodilator response in GM as an adaptation to long-term RVE, which was not observed after RE alone. We conclude that RVE training enhances vasodilation of small arterioles and possibly capillaries. This effect might be advantageous for muscle thermoregulation and the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to exercising muscle and removal of carbon dioxide and metabolites.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Clin Physiol Funct Imaging
          Clinical physiology and functional imaging
          Wiley
          1475-097X
          1475-0961
          Nov 2015
          : 35
          : 6
          Affiliations
          [1 ] German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine and Space Physiology, Cologne, Germany.
          [2 ] Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
          [3 ] School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
          [4 ] Space Medicine Office, Directorate of Human Spaceflight and Operations (D/HSO) European Space Agency, European Astronaut Centre, Cologne, Germany.
          [5 ] German Sport University Cologne, Institute of Training Science and Sports Informatics, Cologne, Germany.
          [6 ] RheinAhrCampus, Remagen, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany.
          Article
          10.1111/cpf.12180
          25041226
          5163c241-4dcb-4ff2-9544-3bf8f830e1a4
          History

          resistance exercise,capillarization,muscle oxygenation,whole-body vibration

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