TAQUICARDIA VENTRICULAR FASCICULAR IZQUIERDA POR AUTOMATISMO ANORMAL

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Abstract

Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente de sexo masculino de 32 años de edad con una taquicardia ventricular con imagen de bloqueo de rama derecha y eje superior, sin compromiso hemodinámico ni cardiopatía estructural en el que se intentó sin respuesta, cardioversión farmacológica con amiodarona y adenosina, posteriormente cardioversión eléctrica que solo disminuyo la frecuencia de la taquicardia sin modificar la morfología de la misma acelerándose posteriormente. Finalmente se administró verapamilo con lo cual se consiguió su reversión a ritmo sinusal. Fue sometido a estudio electrofisiológico sin poderse reproducir mediante sobreestimulación auricular y ventricular asociado a isoproterenol. Por las características se concluye que se trata de una taquicardia fascicular inferior izquierda cuyo mecanismo es el automatismo anormal con respuesta al verapamilo asociado posiblemente a esfuerzo físico.

Translated abstract

We present the case of a male patient 32 years old with a ventricular tachycardia with image of right bundle branch block and superior axis, without hemodynamic compromise or structural heart disease in which pharmacological cardioversion with amiodarone and adenosine was attempted, afterwards electrical cardioversion that only decreased the tachycardia frequency without changing the morphology subsequently accelerating it. Finally verapamil was administered so that its reversion to sinus rhythm was achieved. He underwent electrophysiological study without being able to produce the tachycardia with atrial and ventricular overdrive associated with isoproterenol. By characteristics we conclude that it's an inferior left fascicular tachycardia whose mechanism is abnormal automatism with response to verapamil and possibly associated with physical exertion.

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Most cited references 10

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Mechanisms of idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia.

Caleb Stein, S Markowitz, Jessica B Lerman (1997)

Idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia (ILVT) differs from idiopathic right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) tachycardia with respect to mechanism and pharmacologic sensitivity. ILVT can be categorized into three subgroups. The most prevalent form, verapamil-sensitive intrafascicular tachycardia, originates in the region of left posterior fascicle of the left bundle. This tachycardia is adenosine insensitive, demonstrates entrainment, and is thought to be due to reentry. The tachycardia is most often ablated in the region of the posteroinferior interventricular septum. A second type of ILVT is a form analogous to adenosine-sensitive RVOT tachycardia. This tachycardia appears to originate from deep within the interventricular septum and exits from the left side of the septum. This form of VT also responds to verapamil and is thought to be due to cAMP-mediated triggered activity. A third form of ILVT is propranolol sensitive. It is neither or initiated or terminated by programmed stimulation, does not terminate with verapamil, and is transiently suppressed by adenosine, responses consistent with an automatic mechanism. Recognition of the heterogeneity of ILVT and its unique characteristics should facilitate appropriate diagnosis and therapy in this group of patients.