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      Determinants of postnatal care non-utilization among women in Demba Gofa rural district, southern Ethiopia: a community-based unmatched case-control study

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      1 , 2 ,
      BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
      BioMed Central
      Determinants, postpartum care, non-utilization, Demba Gofa

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          Abstract

          Background

          Maternal and neonatal mortality remain a significant problem across much of the developing world, especially in sub-Saharan Africa countries. In Ethiopia, most maternal and neonatal deaths occur during the postpartum period; this is a critical time for monitoring the health of women and newborns, but the most neglected period for care. In rural communities of Ethiopia, the utilization of postnatal care service is very low and evidence on which factors contribute to the non-utilization of postnatal care (PNC) is insufficient. Consequently, this study was designed to identify the determinants of postnatal service non-utilization among women who gave birth in Demba Gofa rural district, Southern Ethiopia.

          Methods

          A community-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among 186 cases (postnatal care non-utilizers) and 186 controls (postnatal care utilizers) in Demba Gofa rural district from March 1 to April 10, 2019. A previously tested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed. In the final multivariable logistic regression analysis model, a p-value of less than 0.05 and an Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to determine variables for postnatal care non-utilization.

          Results

          In this study, women who delivered recently were incorporated within 186 cases and 186 controls. Not knowing the availability of PNC services (AOR: 4.33, 95% CI: 1.71–10.99), having a home delivery (AOR: 7.06, 95% CI: 3.71–13.44), ANC non-attendance (AOR: 6.14, 95% CI: 3.01–12.50), unable to make an independent decision (AOR: 9.31, 95% CI: 3.29–26.35), and not participating in the Women’s Development Army (WDA) (AOR: 5.09, 95% CI: 2.73–9.53) comprised the determinants which were assessed for non-utilization of postnatal care services.

          Conclusions

          Encouraging institutional delivery along with integrated health education about postnatal care and postnatal danger signs, empowering women to execute independent decisions, accessing PNC services and strengthening participation in the Model Families will likely improve postnatal care service utilization in the district of Ethiopia.

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          Most cited references18

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          Risk factors of diarrhoeal disease in under-five children among health extension model and non-model families in Sheko district rural community, Southwest Ethiopia: comparative cross-sectional study

          Background Worldwide diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of death in under-five year’s children. In Ethiopia diarrhoea kills half million under-five children every year second to pneumonia. Poor sanitation, unsafe water supply and inadequate personal hygiene are responsible for 90% of diarrhoea occurrence; these can be easily improved by health promotion and education. The Ethiopian government introduced a new initiative health extension programme in 2002/03 as a means of providing a comprehensive, universal, equitable and affordable health service. As a strategy of the programme; households have been graduated as model families after training and implementing the intervention packages. Therefore the aim of the study was to assess risk factor of diarrheal disease in under-five children among health extension model and non-model families. Method A community based comparative cross-sectional study design was employed in 2012 at Sheko district. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 275 model and 550 non-model households that had at least one under-five children. Data was collected using structured questioner and/or checklist by trained data collectors. A summery descriptive, binary and multivariate logistic regression was computed to describe the functional independent predictors of childhood diarrhoea. Result The two weeks diarrhoea prevalence in under-five children among health extension model and non-model households were 6.4% and 25.5%, respectively. The independent predictors of childhood diarrhoea revealed in the study were being mothers can’t read and write [OR: 1.74, 95% CI: (1.03, 2.91)], monthly family income earn less than 650 Birr [OR: 1.75, 95% CI: (1.06, 2.88)], mothers hand washing not practice at critical time [OR: 2.21, 95% CI: (1.41, 3.46)], not soap use for hand washing [OR: 7.40, 95% CI: (2.61, 20.96)], improper refuse disposal [OR: 3.19, 95% CI: (1.89, 5.38)] and being non-model families for the health extension programme [OR: 4.50, 95% CI: (2.52, 8.03]. Conclusion The level of diarrheal disease variation was well explained by maternal education, income, personal hygiene, waste disposal system and the effect of health extension programme. Thus encouraging families to being model families for the programme and enhancing community based behavioural change communication that emphasize on personal hygiene and sanitation should be strengthening to reduce childhood diarrhoea.
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            Factors associated with non-utilisation of postnatal care services in Indonesia.

            Postnatal care helps prevent neonatal deaths. This study aims to examine factors associated with non-utilisation of postnatal care in Indonesia. A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted using data from the 2002-3 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), which used multistage cluster random sampling. Contingency table and logistic regression analyses were used to determine the factors associated with non-utilisation of postnatal care services. The population attribution risk percentage (PAR%) for non-utilisation of postnatal care services was also calculated. Data were available for 15,553 singleton live-born infants. The prevalence of non-attendance at postnatal care services was consistently higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Maternal factors associated with lack of postnatal care included low household wealth index, low education levels, lack of knowledge of pregnancy-related complications or where distance from health services was a problem. Infants of high birth rank and those reported to be smaller than average were less likely to receive postnatal care. Other indicators of access to healthcare services which were associated with non-utilisation of postnatal care services included few antenatal care checks, use of untrained birth attendants and births outside healthcare facilities. Public health interventions to increase the utilisation of postnatal care services should target women who are poor, less educated, from rural areas and who use untrained birth attendants. Strategies to improve the availability and accessibility of antenatal care services and skilled birth attendance including focused financial support and health promotion programmes, particularly in the rural areas, should increase utilisation of postnatal care services in Indonesia.
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              Knowledge, Perception and Utilization of Postnatal Care of Mothers in Gondar Zuria District, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

              Mothers and their newborns are vulnerable to illnesses and deaths during the postnatal period. More than half a million women each year die of causes related to pregnancy and childbirth. The majority of deaths occur in less developed countries. Utilization of postnatal care (PNC) service in Ethiopia is low due to various factors. These problems problem significantly hold back the goal of decreasing maternal and child mortality. To assess mothers’ knowledge, perception and utilization of PNC in the Gondar Zuria District, Ethiopia. Our study is a community-based, cross-sectional study supported by a qualitative study conducted among 15–49 years mothers who gave birth during the last year. A multistage sampling technique was used to selected participants; structured questionnaires and focus group discussions were used to collect data. Data were entered into EPI info version 3.5.1 and exported into SPSS version 16.0 for the quantitative study and thematic framework analysis was applied to the qualitative portion. The majority of the women (84.39 %) were aware and considered PNC necessary (74.27 %); however, only 66.83 % of women obtained PNC. The most frequent reasons for not obtaining PNC were lack of time (30.47 %), long distance to a provider (19.25 %), lack of guardians for children care (16.07 %), and lack of service (8.60 %). Based on the multivariate analysis, place of residence (AOR 2.68; 95 % CI 1.45–4.98), distance from a health institution (AOR 2.21; 95 % CI 1.39–3.51), antenatal care visit (AOR 2.60; 95 % CI 1.40–5.06), and having decision-making authority for utilization (AOR 1.86; 95 % CI 1.30–2.65) were factors found to be significantly associated with PNC utilization. Mothers in the study area had a high level of awareness and perception about the necessity of PNC. Urban women and those who displayed higher levels of autonomy were more likely to use postnatal health services.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                markosmanote77@gmail.com
                tsegishg27@gmail.com
                Journal
                BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
                BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
                BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
                BioMed Central (London )
                1471-2393
                18 September 2020
                18 September 2020
                2020
                : 20
                : 546
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Sawla General Hospital, Gofa zone, Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples’ Region, Ethiopia
                [2 ]GRID grid.59547.3a, ISNI 0000 0000 8539 4635, Department of Health Systems and Policy, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, , University of Gondar, ; P. O. Box: 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7076-6146
                Article
                3244
                10.1186/s12884-020-03244-9
                7501668
                32948140
                52b70870-a3cb-439a-9c4a-546ed220fe8d
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                : 20 May 2020
                : 9 September 2020
                Categories
                Research Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Obstetrics & Gynecology
                determinants,postpartum care,non-utilization,demba gofa
                Obstetrics & Gynecology
                determinants, postpartum care, non-utilization, demba gofa

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