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      Impacto del nivel de ansiedad en pacientes pediátricos, que presentan trastornos en el neurodesarrollo Translated title: Impact of anxiety level in pediatric patients, who have neurodevelopmental disorders

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          Abstract

          Resumen El desarrollo infantil debe ser monitoreado regularmente, para la detección temprana de señales de alarma que indiquen alteraciones en su evolución normal. Esta investigación se deriva de la participación de pacientes pediátricos con trastornos del neurodesarrollo. Objetivo. Evaluar la ansiedad en pacientes pediátricos que padecen trastornos del neurodesarrollo. Material y Métodos. El diseño metodológico es no experimental, descriptiva, y transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 150 pacientes pediátricos de un centro de rehabilitación del estado de Hidalgo, México, con un diagnóstico de trastorno del neurodesarrollo con un rango de edad de 4-17 años. Se aplicó una Escala de Ansiedad de Spence (38 ítems) que se dividía en 6 subescalas. La aplicación comprendió un periodo de 30 días. Resultados. De los 150 participantes, correspondencia con el género femenino 49 y el masculino 101 niños. A partir de esto, se identificó que un 48% de los participantes presentan ansiedad generalizada. Conclusión. Los resultados del examen Spence identifican que las participantes femeninas tienen un nivel alto con 55 puntos para los hombres un nivel alto con 45 puntos y en promedio se identifica que tienen un alto nivel de ansiedad en general con 48 puntos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Child development must be monitored regularly, for the early detection of alarm signals that indicate alterations in their normal evolution. This research is derived from the participation of pediatric patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. Objective: to evaluate anxiety in pediatric patients suffering from neurodevelopmental disorders. Material and Methods: The methodological design is non-experimental, descriptive and transversal. The sample consisted of 150 pediatric patients from a rehabilitation center in the state of Hidalgo, México, with a diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorder with an age range of 4-17 years. A Spence Anxiety Scale (38 items) was applied, which was divided into 6 subscales. The application comprised a period of 30 days. Results: Of the 150 participants, correspondence with the female gender 49 and the male 101 children. From this, it was identified that 48% of the participants presented generalized anxiety. Conclusion: The results of the Spence test identify that participating women have a high level with 55 points, for men a high level with 45 points and on average it is identified that they have a high level of anxiety in general with 48 points.

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          Association between breastfeeding and intelligence, educational attainment, and income at 30 years of age: a prospective birth cohort study from Brazil

          Summary Background Breastfeeding has clear short-term benefits, but its long-term consequences on human capital are yet to be established. We aimed to assess whether breastfeeding duration was associated with intelligence quotient (IQ), years of schooling, and income at the age of 30 years, in a setting where no strong social patterning of breastfeeding exists. Methods A prospective, population-based birth cohort study of neonates was launched in 1982 in Pelotas, Brazil. Information about breastfeeding was recorded in early childhood. At 30 years of age, we studied the IQ (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 3rd version), educational attainment, and income of the participants. For the analyses, we used multiple linear regression with adjustment for ten confounding variables and the G-formula. Findings From June 4, 2012, to Feb 28, 2013, of the 5914 neonates enrolled, information about IQ and breastfeeding duration was available for 3493 participants. In the crude and adjusted analyses, the durations of total breastfeeding and predominant breastfeeding (breastfeeding as the main form of nutrition with some other foods) were positively associated with IQ, educational attainment, and income. We identified dose-response associations with breastfeeding duration for IQ and educational attainment. In the confounder-adjusted analysis, participants who were breastfed for 12 months or more had higher IQ scores (difference of 3·76 points, 95% CI 2·20–5·33), more years of education (0·91 years, 0·42–1·40), and higher monthly incomes (341·0 Brazilian reals, 93·8–588·3) than did those who were breastfed for less than 1 month. The results of our mediation analysis suggested that IQ was responsible for 72% of the effect on income. Interpretation Breastfeeding is associated with improved performance in intelligence tests 30 years later, and might have an important effect in real life, by increasing educational attainment and income in adulthood. Funding Wellcome Trust, International Development Research Center (Canada), CNPq, FAPERGS, and the Brazilian Ministry of Health.
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            Intellectual developmental disorders: towards a new name, definition and framework for "mental retardation/intellectual disability" in ICD-11.

            Although "intellectual disability" has widely replaced the term "mental retardation", the debate as to whether this entity should be conceptualized as a health condition or as a disability has intensified as the revision of the World Health Organization (WHO)'s International Classification of Diseases (ICD) advances. Defining intellectual disability as a health condition is central to retaining it in ICD, with significant implications for health policy and access to health services. This paper presents the consensus reached to date by the WHO ICD Working Group on the Classification of Intellectual Disabilities. Literature reviews were conducted and a mixed qualitative approach was followed in a series of meetings to produce consensus-based recommendations combining prior expert knowledge and available evidence. The Working Group proposes replacing mental retardation with intellectual developmental disorders, defined as "a group of developmental conditions characterized by significant impairment of cognitive functions, which are associated with limitations of learning, adaptive behaviour and skills". The Working Group further advises that intellectual developmental disorders be incorporated in the larger grouping (parent category) of neurodevelopmental disorders, that current subcategories based on clinical severity (i.e., mild, moderate, severe, profound) be continued, and that problem behaviours be removed from the core classification structure of intellectual developmental disorders and instead described as associated features.
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              Symptomatology and comorbidity of generalized anxiety disorder in children and adolescents

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jonnpr
                Journal of Negative and No Positive Results
                JONNPR
                Research and Science S.L. (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                2529-850X
                2021
                : 6
                : 5
                : 790-799
                Affiliations
                [3] orgnameUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo orgdiv1Área Académica de Enfermería Mexico
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo orgdiv1Área Académica de Enfermería Mexico
                [2] orgnameUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo orgdiv1Área Académica de Enfermería Mexico
                Article
                S2529-850X2021000500790 S2529-850X(21)00600500790
                10.19230/jonnpr.4264
                52c797c3-83ea-41d2-bde1-6581b4b9d42c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 February 2021
                : 09 February 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Original

                Ansiedad,trastornos del neurodesarrollo,pediatría,Anxiety,neurodevelopmental disorders,pediatrics

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