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      Endoscopia bajo sueño inducido en la apnea obstructiva del sueño (DISE). Estudio comparativo entre las clasificaciones NOHL y VOTE Translated title: Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE). A comparative study between NOHL and VOTE classifications

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN: Introducción y objetivo: Varias clasificaciones han sido propuestas para expresar los resultados de la endoscopia bajo sueño inducido ( DISE) en la apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS), pero ninguna está globalmente aceptada. El objetivo del estudio es analizar las clasificaciones más utilizadas: NOHL y VOTE, para valorar cuál de ellas aporta más ventajas. Método: Se diseñó un estudio de cohortes prospectivo de 100 pacientes a los que se les realizó una DISE por AOS. Tres otorrinolaringólogos evaluaron de forma ciega los videos de las DISE y codificaron los resultados de acuerdo a las escalas NOHL y VOTE, anotando qué hallazgos determinaban la indicación de cirugía. Resultados: Según el investigador principal, en un 64% se indicó cirugía de un solo nivel, de estos, el paladar fue el más predominante, en el 26% se indicó cirugía multinivel y en un 10% se desestimó cirugía. La concordancia global para expresar los resultados de la DISE según las escalas NOHL y VOTE, en cuanto al grado de obstrucción es moderada / regular a nivel de la epiglotis (k = 0,467) y baja en el resto de estructuras (k = 0,097). Discusión: A pesar de que el grado de acuerdo interobservador es similar en ambas escalas, para VOTE es ligeramente superior. Conclusiones: La DISE es una prueba segura, reproducible y fácil de realizar. Recomendamos el uso de la escala VOTE porque ha demostrado tener un grado de acuerdo interobservador superior, es la escala más utilizada en la literatura y la recomendada en los documentos de consenso.

          Translated abstract

          SUMMARY: Introduction and objective: There is no standardized method to express DISE results. Several classifications have been proposed, but none are globally accepted. The objective of this study is to analyze the most used classifications: NOHL and VOTE to assess which of them provides more advantages. Method: A prospective cohort study of 100 patients who underwent DISE was carried out. Three otolaryngologists blindly evaluated the DISE videos and coded the results according to the NOHL and VOTE scales and at what level surgery was indicated. Results: According to the main researcher, in 64% of patients, surgery of only one level was indicated, being the palate the predominant level, followed by a 26% where multilevel surgery was indicated, and in 10% no surgery was indicated. The global agreement to express the DISE results according to the NOHL, VOTE scales regarding the degree of obstruction is moderate / regular at the level of the epiglottis (k = 0.467) and low in the rest of the structures (k = 0.097). Discussion: Although the degree of interobserver agreement is similar in both scales, for VOTE it is slightly higher. Conclusions: DISE is a safe, reproducible and easy to perform test. We recommend the use of the VOTE scale because it has been demonstrated to have a higher degree of interobserver agreement, it is not only the most widely used scale, but also recommended in consensus documents.

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          Most cited references28

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          The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies.

          Much biomedical research is observational. The reporting of such research is often inadequate, which hampers the assessment of its strengths and weaknesses and of a study's generalizability. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Initiative developed recommendations on what should be included in an accurate and complete report of an observational study. We defined the scope of the recommendations to cover 3 main study designs: cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies. We convened a 2-day workshop in September 2004, with methodologists, researchers, and journal editors, to draft a checklist of items. This list was subsequently revised during several meetings of the coordinating group and in e-mail discussions with the larger group of STROBE contributors, taking into account empirical evidence and methodological considerations. The workshop and the subsequent iterative process of consultation and revision resulted in a checklist of 22 items (the STROBE Statement) that relate to the title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections of articles. Eighteen items are common to all 3 study designs and 4 are specific for cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional studies. A detailed Explanation and Elaboration document is published separately and is freely available at http://www.annals.org and on the Web sites of PLoS Medicine and Epidemiology. We hope that the STROBE Statement will contribute to improving the quality of reporting of observational studies.
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            Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea and related clinical features in a population-based sample of subjects aged 30 to 70 yr.

            The prevalence and related clinical features of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea (OSAH) in the general population were estimated in a two-phase cross-sectional study. The first phase, completed by 2,148 subjects (76.9%), included a home survey, blood pressure, and a portable respiratory recording, whereas in the second, subjects with suspected OSAH (n = 442) and a subgroup of those with normal results (n = 305) were invited to undergo polysomnography (555 accepted). Habitual snoring was found in 35% of the population and breathing pauses in 6%. Both features occurred more frequently in men, showed a trend to increase with age, and were significantly associated with OSAH. Daytime hypersomnolence occurred in 18% of the subjects and was not associated with OSAH. An apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > or = 10 was found in 19% of men and 15% of women. The prevalence of OSAH (AHI > or = 5) increased with age in both sexes, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.2 for each 10-yr increase. AHI was associated with hypertension after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, neck circumference, alcohol use, and smoking habit. This study adds evidence for a link between OSAH and hypertension.
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              Adherence to continuous positive airway pressure therapy: the challenge to effective treatment.

              Despite the high efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to reverse upper airway obstruction in sleep apnea, treatment effectiveness is limited by variable adherence to prescribed therapy. When adherence is defined as greater than 4 hours of nightly use, 46 to 83% of patients with obstructive sleep apnea have been reported to be nonadherent to treatment. Evidence suggests that use of CPAP for longer than 6 hours decreases sleepiness, improves daily functioning, and restores memory to normal levels. The decision to embrace CPAP occurs during the first few days of treatment. Although many strategies in patient interface with CPAP or machine modality are marketed to improve CPAP usage, there are few data to support this. No single factor has been consistently identified as predictive of adherence. Patient perception of symptoms and improvement in sleepiness and daily functioning may be more important in determining patterns of use than physiologic aspects of disease severity. Emerging data suggest that various behavioral interventions may be effective in improving CPAP adherence.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                orl
                Revista ORL
                Rev. ORL
                Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca (Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain )
                2444-7986
                March 2022
                : 13
                : 1
                : 19-29
                Affiliations
                [1] Madrid Madrid orgnameUniversidad Rey Juan Carlos orgdiv1Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada orgdiv2Servicio de Otorrinolaringología Spain
                [2] Madrid orgnameHospital Universitario Sanitas La Zarzuela orgdiv1Servicio de Otorrinolaringología España
                [4] Málaga orgnameHospital Quirón Marbella orgdiv1Servicio de Otorrinolaringología España
                [3] Madrid orgnameHospital Quirónsalud Madrid orgdiv1Servicio de Otorrinolaringología España
                Article
                S2444-79862022000100003 S2444-7986(22)01300100003
                10.14201/orl.27166
                52cb6bf7-cd5f-4bbc-ae10-15add5d4e1eb

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 22 August 2021
                : 14 September 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículo original

                sleep apnea,DISE,sleep endoscopy,NOHL,VOTE,apnea del sueño,somnoscopia,endoscopia bajo sueño inducido

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