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      Immunoresolvent Resolvin D1 Maintains the Health of the Ocular Surface

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          Abstract

          The present review focuses on the role of one of the D-series resolvins (Rv) RvD1 in the regulation of conjunctival goblet cell secretion and its role in ocular surface health. RvD1 is the most thoroughly studied of the specialized proresolution mediators in the goblet cells. The anterior surface of the eye consists of the cornea (the transparent central area) and the conjunctiva (opaque tissue that surrounds the cornea and lines the eyelids). The secretory mucin MUC5AC produced by the conjunctival goblet cells is protective of the ocular surface and especially helps to maintain clear vision through the cornea. In health, a complex neural reflex stimulates goblet cell secretion to maintain an optimum amount of mucin in the tear film. The specialized pro-resolution mediator, D-series resolvin (RvD1) is present in human tears and induces goblet cell mucin secretion. RvD1 interacts with its receptors ALX/FPR2 and GPR32, activates phospholipases C, D, and A 2, as well as the EGFR. This stimulation increases the intracellular [Ca 2+] and activates extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 to cause mucin secretion into the tear film. This mucin secretion protects the ocular surface from the challenges in the external milieu thus maintaining a healthy interface between the eye and the environment. RvD1 forms a second important mechanism along with activation of a neural reflex pathway to regulate goblet cell mucin secretion and protect the ocular surface in health.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          0121103
          280
          Adv Exp Med Biol
          Adv. Exp. Med. Biol.
          Advances in experimental medicine and biology
          0065-2598
          2214-8019
          13 November 2019
          2019
          01 January 2020
          : 1161
          : 13-25
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA
          [2 ]Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
          [3 ]Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
          [4 ]Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
          Author notes
          []Author to whom correspondence should be addresses Darlene A. Dartt, Schepens Eye Reseach/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114 darlene_dartt@ 123456meei.harvard.edu , tel:617-912-0272.
          Article
          PMC6859005 PMC6859005 6859005 nihpa1059042
          10.1007/978-3-030-21735-8_3
          6859005
          31562618
          530864a6-ce4a-4a2c-a2ca-8da36eddda45
          History
          Categories
          Article

          Mucins,Conjunctiva,Goblet cells,secretion,Signaling pathways,Tear film,Inflammation,Dry eye disease,Resolvin D1,Ocular surface,Allergic eye disease

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