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      Estimation of soil heat flux in a neotropical Wetland region using remote sensing techniques Translated title: Parametrização de modelos para estimar o fluxo de calor no solo em três regiões do Pantanal do Mato Grosso usando sensoriamento remoto

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          Abstract

          The direct estimation of the soil heat flux (G) by remote sensing data is not possible. For this, several models have been proposed empirically from the relation of G measures and biophysical parameters of various types of coverage or not vegetated in different places on earth. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the relation between G/Rn ratio and biophysical variables obtained by satellite sensors and evaluate the parameterization of different models to estimate G spatially in three sites with different soil cover types. The net radiation (Rn) and G were measured directly in two pastures at Miranda Farm and Experimental Farm and and Monodominant Forest of Cambará. Rn, G, and G/Rn ratio and MODIS products, such as albedo (α), surface temperature (LST), vegetation index (NDVI) and leaf area index (LAI) varied seasonally at all sites and inter-sites. The sites were different from each other by presenting different relation between measures of Rn, G and G/Rn ratio and biophysical parameters. Among the original models, the model proposed by Bastiaanssen (1995) showed the best performance with r = 0.76, d = 0.95, MAE = 5.70 W m-2 and RMSE = 33.68 W m-2. As the reparameterized models, correlation coefficients had no significant change, but the coefficient Willmott (d) increased and the MAE and RMSE had a small decrease.

          Translated abstract

          A estimativa do fluxo de calor no solo (G) diretamente por dados de sensores remotos não é possível. Para isso, diversos modelos foram proposto relacionando empiricamente medidas de G e parâmetros biofísicos de diversos tipos de cobertura vegetada, ou não, em diferentes locais do planeta. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre G/Rn e variáveis biofísicas obtidas por sensores orbitais e avaliar a parametrização de diferentes modelos de estimativa de G espacialmente em três sítios experimentais com distintos tipos coberturas do solo. O saldo de radiação (Rn) e G foram medidos diretamente em duas áreas de pastagens na Fazenda Miranda e na Fazenda Experimental e em uma Floresta Monodominante de Cambará. Rn, G, razão G/Rn e os produtos MODIS, tais como albedo (α), temperatura da superfície (LST), índice de vegetação da diferença normalizada (NDVI) e índice de área foliar (LAI) variaram sazonalmente em todos os sítios experimentais e entre os sítios experimentais. Os sítios experimentais mostraram-se diferentes entre si por apresentar distintas relações entre as medidas de Rn, G e a razão G/Rn e os parâmetros biofísicos. Dentre os modelos originais, o modelo proposto por Bastiaanssen (1995) apresentou o melhor desempenho com r = 0,76, d = 0,95, MAE = 5,70 W m-2 e RMSE = 33,68 W m-2. Quanto aos modelos reparametrizados, os coeficientes de correlação se mantiveram, mas o coeficiente de Willmott (d) aumentou e o MAE e RMSE tiveram uma pequena diminuição.

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          Ground-based measurements of leaf area index: a review of methods, instruments and current controversies.

          Leaf area index (LAI) is the total one-sided area of leaf tissue per unit ground surface area. It is a key parameter in ecophysiology, especially for scaling up the gas exchange from leaf to canopy level. It characterizes the canopy-atmosphere interface, where most of the energy fluxes exchange. It is also one of the most difficult to quantify properly, owing to large spatial and temporal variability. Many methods have been developed to quantify LAI from the ground and some of them are also suitable for describing other structural parameters of the canopy. This paper reviews the direct and indirect methods, the required instruments, their advantages, disadvantages and accuracy of the results. Analysis of the literature shows that most cross-validations between direct and indirect methods have pointed to a significant underestimation of LAI with the latter techniques, especially in forest stands. The two main causes for the discrepancy, clumping and contribution of stem and branches, are discussed and some recent theoretical or technical solutions are presented as potential improvements to reduce bias or discrepancies. The accuracy, sampling strategy and spatial validity of the LAI measurements have to be assessed for quality assurance of both the measurement and the modelling purposes of all the LAI-dependent ecophysiological and biophysical processes of canopies.
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            SEBAL-based sensible and latent heat fluxes in the irrigated Gediz Basin, Turkey

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              Evaluation of soil and vegetation heat flux predictions using a simple two-source model with radiometric temperatures for partial canopy cover

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbmet
                Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia
                Rev. bras. meteorol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Meteorologia (São Paulo )
                1982-4351
                December 2014
                : 29
                : 4
                : 469-482
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Brazil
                [2 ] Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Brazil
                Article
                S0102-77862014000400001
                10.1590/0102-778620120568
                531d0996-87da-4896-824e-310a7a1a1a8c

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-7786&lng=en
                Categories
                METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

                Atmospheric science & Climatology
                Mato Grosso,pasture,monodominant forest,orbital sensors,pastagens,floresta monodominante,sensores orbitais

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