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      Microbiota of the cecum, ileum morphometry, pH of the crop and performance of broiler chickens supplemented with probiotics Translated title: Microbiota cecal, morfometria do íleo, pH do inglúvio e desempenho zootécnico de frangos de corte sob suplementação com probióticos

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          Abstract

          It was studied, in this work, the effects of supplementation of probiotics on the performance, on the pH of crop content, on the morphometry of the ileum and on the number of enterobacteria in the cecum of the broilers. Out of the 120 studied birds, 60 belonged to the test group and 60 to the control group. At 1, 7, 12, 18, 23 and 28 days of age, the chickens and rations were weighed and mortality and morbidity were determined. Then, the birds were sacrificed and the pH of the crop content was measured, ileum fragments were collected for morphometric analysis and the enterobacteria in the cecal content were quantified. The mean pH was lower in the group that was given probiotics at 1, 7 and 18 days of age. There were no differences on ration consumption, weight, mortality and morbidity rates. The counts of enterobacteria were lower in the supplemented animals at the ages of 7, 18 and 28 days. The measure of villus of the ileum was higher for the group treated with probiotics at all ages, except for 1 day of age in comparison to the control group. This work proves that supplementation with probiotics reduces the pH of the crop content at the ages of 1, 7 and 18 days and it can contribute to the reduction of pathogenic bacteria on the first days of life by reducing the quantity of enterobacteria in the cecum. In addition, probiotics increase the height of villi in the ileum of the birds.

          Translated abstract

          Neste trabalho foram estudados os efeitos da suplementação de probióticos sobre o desempenho, o pH do conteúdo do papo, a morfometria do íleo e o número de enterobactérias no ceco de frangos de corte. Das 120 aves estudadas, 60 eram pertencentes ao grupo teste e 60 ao grupo controle. Nas idades de 1, 7, 12, 18, 23 e 28 dias, os frangos e a ração foram pesados e a mortalidade e morbidade foram determinadas. As aves foram, então sacrificadas, o pH do papo foi medido, os fragmentos do íleo foram coletados para análise da morfometria e as enterobactérias do ceco foram quantificadas. A média do pH foi menor no grupo que recebeu probióticos nas idades de 1, 7 e 18 dias. Não houve diferença no consumo de ração, no peso das aves, e nas taxas de mortalidade e morbidade. A contagem de enterobactérias foi menor nos animais sob suplementação com probióticos nas idades de 7, 18 e 28 dias. A medida das vilosidades do íleo foi maior no grupo tratado com probióticos em todas as idades, à exceção de 1 dia em relação ao grupo controle. Este trabalho comprova que a suplementação com probióticos diminui o pH do conteúdo do papo nas idades de 1, 7 e 18 dias, e pode contribuir na redução de bactérias patogênicas nos primeiros dias de vida, diminuindo a quantidade de enterobactérias no ceco. Além disso, os probióticos aumentaram a altura dos vilos do íleo das aves.

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          Most cited references26

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          Growth, carcass characteristics, immunocompetence and response to Escherichia coli of broilers fed diets with various levels of probiotic

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            Vitamin A deficiency interferes with proliferation and maturation of cells in the chicken small intestine

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              Probiotics for broiler chickens in Brazil: systematic review and meta-analysis

              This study evaluated the efficacy of probiotic utilization as growth promoters in broiler chicken feeding using systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Thirty-five studies were recovered by the systematic review, 27 of which met the following criteria to be included in the meta-analysis: (1) Brazilian studies published between 1995 and 2005; (2) probiotics administered in the diet without growth promoter; (3) results included performance data with the respective coefficient of variation. Meta-analysis have shown that the probiotics promoted better weight gain and feed conversion than the negative control (no antimicrobial) in the initial phase (1 to 20-28 days); nevertheless, results were similar in the total period (1 to 35-48 days). Weight gain and feed conversion were similar between probiotics and the positive control (with antimicrobial) both in the initial and in the total periods. Viability in the total period improved with the use of probiotics in comparison to the negative or positive controls. Sensitivity analysis showed that the results of meta-analysis were coherent. The funnel plots and the Egger regression method evidenced that the studies published in Brazil do not present biased results. It is possible to conclude that the probiotics are a technically viable alternative to antimicrobial growth promoters in broiler feeding. Nevertheless, further studies are necessary to identify eventual differences among the probiotics commercially available in Brazil.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbz
                Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
                R. Bras. Zootec.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia (Viçosa )
                1806-9290
                August 2010
                : 39
                : 8
                : 1756-1760
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Brazil
                Article
                S1516-35982010000800018
                10.1590/S1516-35982010000800018
                53470656-f7f7-43ed-a134-22bb8f271f62

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1516-3598&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
                VETERINARY SCIENCES

                Animal agriculture,General veterinary medicine
                body weights,competitive exclusion,enterobacteria,intestinal villi,ration,enterobactérias,exclusão competitiva,peso corporal,ração,vilosidade intestinal

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