Role of selected cytokines in the etiopathogenesis of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm newborns

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Proinflammatory cytokines are essential mediators and indicators of an inflammatory process occurring in the body. Their physiological role is to stimulate the immune response, yet their excessive propagation and interaction with cells outside the immune system may be linked to the risk of organ damage. This is specifically important in the case of immature tissues of fetuses and prematurely born infants. Analysis of the concentrations of specific cytokines in different compartments makes it possible to assess the risk of premature birth, preterm rupture of the membranes, and to determine an existing intrauterine infection. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the existing research concerning the relationships between the concentrations of specific proinflammatory cytokines in different compartments (maternal blood serum, amniotic fluid, umbilical cord blood, arterial and venous blood, and cerebrospinal fluid of the newborn) and the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and the degree of its severity. The paper takes also into account the assessment of the usefulness of cytokines as biomarkers for IVH and its complications (posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus, white matter injury).

Related collections

Most cited references 31

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Maternal serum interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentrations as risk factors for preterm birth <32 weeks and adverse neonatal outcomes.

Yoram Sorokin, Justin O’Sullivan, Catherine Y. Spong … (2010)

Elevated concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in fetal and neonatal compartments have been associated with an increased risk for preterm birth (PTB) and/or neonatal morbidity. The purpose of this study was to determine if the maternal serum concentration of IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 in women at risk for PTB, who are not in labor and have intact membranes, are associated with an increased risk for PTB 90th percentile). However, there was no significant association after adjustment for GA at randomization and treatment group. Logistic regression analysis for each analyte indicated that high maternal serum concentrations of IL-6 and CRP, but not MMP-9, were associated with an increased risk of IVH (odds ratio [OR] 4.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.86 to 10.68; OR 4.07, 95% CI 1.63 to 9.50) after adjusting for GA at randomization and treatment group. Most babies (25/30) had grade I IVH. When GA at delivery was included, elevated IL-6 remained significantly associated with IVH (OR 2.77, 95% CI 1.02 to 7.09). An elevated maternal serum concentration of IL-6 and CRP are risk factors for PTB <32 weeks and subsequent development of neonatal IVH. An elevated maternal serum IL-6 appears to confer additional risk for IVH even after adjusting for GA at delivery. Copyright Thieme Medical Publishers.

0 comments Cited 49 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Intrauterine infection and the development of cerebral palsy.

Bo Yoon, Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa, Chan Park (2003)

Cerebral palsy is a serious motor disorder that appears in early life. The expectation that improved obstetrical and neonatal care would decrease the rate of this condition has not been realised. Recent evidence indicates that white matter brain lesions, often termed periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), are the most important identifiable risk factors for the development of cerebral palsy. The hypothesis under examination is that inflammatory cytokines released during the course of intrauterine infection play a central role in the genesis of preterm parturition, fetal PVL, and cerebral palsy. We examined the relationship between umbilical cord plasma concentrations of cytokines at birth and the occurrence of PVL in preterm gestation and demonstrated that umbilical cord plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 was a significant independent predictor of PVL-associated lesions. We also demonstrated that preterm neonates born to mothers with elevated amniotic fluid concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines were at increased risk for the subsequent development of PVL and cerebral palsy. Histological chorioamnionitis and congenital neonatal infection-related morbidity were more common in neonates with PVL than those without PVL in this study. We have also been able to induce PVL-like brain white matter lesions in the fetal rabbit after experimental ascending intrauterine infection. In support of this hypothesis, we were able to demonstrate overexpression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and IL-6 in histological sections of neonatal brains with PVL. Moreover, the presence of funisitis, a histological counterpart of the fetal inflammatory response syndrome, and elevated concentrations of amniotic fluid IL-6 and IL-8 were strong and independent risk factors for the subsequent development of cerebral palsy at the age of 3 years in our recent study. Therefore, clinical and experimental data provide strong support for the hypothesis. There are significant implications of our findings. First, cytokine determinations in amniotic fluid provide information about the risk of PVL and cerebral palsy before birth. Second, the process responsible for some cases of PVL and cerebral palsy begins during intrauterine life, implying that effective strategies for the prevention of cerebral palsy associated with PVL must begin in utero.

0 comments Cited 42 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

The Alabama Preterm Birth Study: umbilical cord blood Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis cultures in very preterm newborn infants.

Waldemar A Carlo, Peter W Andrews, Ona Faye-Petersen … (2007)

This study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of umbilical cord blood infections with Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis in preterm 23- to 32-week births and to determine their association with various obstetric conditions, markers of placental inflammation, and newborn outcomes. 351 mother/infant dyads with deliveries between 23 and 32 weeks' gestational age who had cord blood cultures for U. urealyticum and M. hominis had their medical records abstracted, other placental cultures performed, cord interleukin-6 levels determined, placentas evaluated histologically, and infant outcomes determined. U. urealyticum and/or M. hominis were present in 23% of cord blood cultures. Positive cultures were more common in infants of nonwhite women (27.9% vs 16.8%; P = .016), in women less than 20 years of age, in those undergoing a spontaneous compared to an indicated preterm delivery (34.7% vs 3.2%; P = .0001), and in those delivering at earlier gestational ages. Intrauterine infection and inflammation were more common among infants with a positive U. urealyticum and M. hominis culture as evidenced by placental cultures for these and other bacteria, elevated cord blood interleukin-6 levels, and placental histology. Infants with positive cord blood U. urealyticum and M. hominis cultures were more likely to have neonatal systemic inflammatory response syndrome (41.3% vs 25.7%; P = .007; adjusted odds ratio, 1.86; 1.08-3.21) and probably bronchopulmonary dysplasia (26.8% vs 10.1%; P = .0001; adjusted odds ratio 1.99; 0.91-4.37), but were not significantly different for other neonatal outcomes, including respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, or death. U. urealyticum and M. hominis cord blood infections are far more common in spontaneous vs indicated preterm deliveries and are strongly associated with markers of acute placental inflammation. Positive cultures are associated with neonatal systemic inflammatory response syndrome and probably bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

0 comments Cited 41 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Dawid Szpecht: +48502145181 , dawid.szpecht@poczta.fm

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Childs Nerv Syst

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Childs Nerv Syst

Title: Child's Nervous System

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Berlin/Heidelberg )

ISSN (Print): 0256-7040

ISSN (Electronic): 1433-0350

Publication date (Electronic): 19 August 2016

Publication date PMC-release: 19 August 2016

Publication date (Print): 2016

Volume: 32

Issue: 11

Pages: 2097-2103

Affiliations

[1 ]Chair and Department of Neonatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

[2 ]Department of Neonatology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan, ul. Polna 33, Poznań, Poland

Article

Publisher ID: 3217

DOI: 10.1007/s00381-016-3217-9

PMC ID: 5086341

PubMed ID: 27541865

SO-VID: 538ba4b4-93bf-46e2-8eeb-3504b5b1517f

License:

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

History

Date received : 8 July 2016

Date accepted : 3 August 2016

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurology

Keywords: intraventricular hemorrhage,proinflammatory cytokines,premature birth

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurology

Keywords: intraventricular hemorrhage, proinflammatory cytokines, premature birth

Role of selected cytokines in the etiopathogenesis of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm newborns

Read this article at

Abstract

Related collections

Nanoparticles to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB)

Most cited references 31

Maternal serum interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentrations as risk factors for preterm birth <32 weeks and adverse neonatal outcomes.

Intrauterine infection and the development of cerebral palsy.

The Alabama Preterm Birth Study: umbilical cord blood Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis cultures in very preterm newborn infants.

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Article

History

Categories

Custom metadata

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 136

Cited by 14

Most referenced authors 405