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      Auditory perceptual performance of children in the identification of contrasts between stressed vowels Translated title: Desempenho perceptivo-auditivo de crianças na identificação de contrastes fonológicos entre as vogais tônicas

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          Abstract

          Purpose: To assess the auditory perceptual performance of children in a task of identification of vowel contrasts, to classify which phonemes and vowel contrasts provide higher or lower degrees of difficulty, and to verify the influence of age in this performance. Methods: Data recordings of auditory perceptual performance of 66 children in a task of identification using the software Perception Evaluation Auditive & Visuelle (PERCEVAL) were selected from a database. The task consisted of presenting sound stimuli through headphones to children, who would then choose, from two pictures arranged on the computer screen, the one corresponding to the word they heard. The time between auditory inputs and the child's reaction was automatically computed in the software. Results: The perceptual accuracy was 88% and we found a positive correlation with the variable age. The time of response was significantly longer for incorrect answers as opposed to correct answers (p=0.00). Different degrees of similarity in auditory perception were observed, where front vowels were similar more often than back vowels. The tendency for errors was prevalent in the range of non-peripheral to peripheral vowels, which suggests that the latter may serve as a reference or perceptual anchor. Conclusion: The auditory perceptual ability concerning the identification of vowel contrasts is not yet established in the age group studied. The auditory perception of vowel contrasts occurs gradually and asymmetrically, as the order of acquisition in terms of production and perception was not always the same.

          Translated abstract

          OBJETIVOS: Investigar o desempenho perceptivo-auditivo de crianças no tocante à identificação de contrastes entre as vogais tônicas; identificar quais fonemas e contrastes vocálicos indicam maior ou menor grau de dificuldade de identificação; e verificar se a idade influencia a acurácia perceptivo-auditiva. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionadas, de um banco de dados, informações referentes ao desempenho perceptivo-auditivo de 66 crianças em uma tarefa de identificação perceptivo-auditiva da classe das vogais tônicas do Português Brasileiro. Com o uso do software Perception Evaluation Auditive & Visuelle (PERCEVAL), foram apresentados os estímulos acústico e visual solicitando da criança a escolha da gravura correspondente à palavra apresentada auditivamente dentre duas possibilidades de imagens dispostas na tela do computador. O tempo de apresentação do estímulo e de reação das crianças foi computado automaticamente pelo software. RESULTADOS: Observou-se acurácia perceptivo-auditiva de 88% das crianças e correlação positiva com a idade. A variância do tempo de reação dos erros foi superior à dos acertos (p=0,00). Foram observados diferentes graus de similaridade perceptivo-auditiva: vogais anteriores registraram maior similaridade do que vogais posteriores. A tendência que prevaleceu nos erros foi a das vogais menos para as mais periféricas, sugerindo que estas últimas parecem servir como pontos de ancoragem na percepção. CONCLUSÃO: A habilidade perceptivo-auditiva no tocante à identificação de contrastes vocálicos ainda não está estabilizada na faixa etária estudada. O domínio perceptivo-auditivo dos contrastes vocálicos se dá de forma gradativa e assimétrica, e o paralelismo entre a ordem de aquisição em termos de produção e em termos de percepção nem sempre se manteve.

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          Vowel space characteristics and vowel identification accuracy.

          Brian Neel (2008)
          To examine the relation between vowel production characteristics and intelligibility. Acoustic characteristics of 10 vowels produced by 45 men and 48 women from the J. M. Hillenbrand, L. A. Getty, M. J. Clark, and K. Wheeler (1995) study were examined and compared with identification accuracy. Global (mean f0, F1, and F2; duration; and amount of formant movement) and fine-grained measures (vowel space area; mean distance among vowels; f0, F1, and F2 ranges; duration ratio between long and short vowels; and formant movement ratio between dynamic and static vowels) were used to predict identification scores. Acoustic measures of the most frequently confused pairs (/ae/-/epsilon/ and /a/-/inverted v/) were compared. Global and fine-grained measures accounted for less than 1/4 of variance in identification scores: Vowel space area alone accounted for 9%-12% of variance. Differences in vowel identification were largely due to poor identification of /ae/, /epsilon/, /a/, or /inverted v/. Well-identified vowels were distinctive in formant frequencies, duration, and amount of formant movement over time. Distinctiveness among neighboring vowels is more important in determining vowel intelligibility than vowel space area. Acoustic comparison of confused vowels may be more useful in studying intelligibility of normal and disordered speech than in measuring vowel space area.
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            Target spectral, dynamic spectral, and duration cues in infant perception of German vowels

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              Aquisição fonológica do português: perfil de desenvolvimento e subsídios pra terapia

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                codas
                CoDAS
                CoDAS
                Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia (São Paulo )
                2317-1782
                December 2013
                : 25
                : 6
                : 534-541
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                Article
                S2317-17822013000600534
                10.1590/S2317-17822013000600534
                53ab6b34-f3e3-4122-b003-beb126098642

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=2317-1782&lng=en
                Categories
                AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY
                REHABILITATION

                Audiology,Physiotherapy
                Auditory perception,Evaluation,Speech,Phonetics,Child,Percepção auditiva,Avaliação,Fala,Fonética,Criança

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