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      Perceived Parental Psychological Control and Exercise Dependence Symptoms in Competitive Athletes

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          We Know Some Things: Parent-Adolescent Relationships in Retrospect and Prospect

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            Prevalence of the addictions: a problem of the majority or the minority?

            An increasing number of research studies over the last three decades suggest that a wide range of substance and process addictions may serve similar functions. The current article considers 11 such potential addictions (tobacco, alcohol, illicit drugs, eating, gambling, Internet, love, sex, exercise, work, and shopping), their prevalence, and co-occurrence, based on a systematic review of the literature. Data from 83 studies (each study n = at least 500 subjects) were presented and supplemented with small-scale data. Depending on which assumptions are made, overall 12-month prevalence of an addiction among U.S. adults varies from 15% to 61%. The authors assert that it is most plausible that 47% of the U.S. adult population suffers from maladaptive signs of an addictive disorder over a 12-month period and that it may be useful to think of addictions as due to problems of lifestyle as well as to person-level factors.
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              Causes of eating disorders.

              Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have emerged as the predominant eating disorders. We review the recent research evidence pertaining to the development of these disorders, including sociocultural factors (e.g., media and peer influences), family factors (e.g., enmeshment and criticism), negative affect, low self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction. Also reviewed are cognitive and biological aspects of eating disorders. Some contributory factors appear to be necessary for the appearance of eating disorders, but none is sufficient. Eating disorders may represent a way of coping with problems of identity and personal control.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction
                Int J Ment Health Addiction
                Springer Nature
                1557-1874
                1557-1882
                February 2015
                August 5 2014
                February 2015
                : 13
                : 1
                : 59-72
                Article
                10.1007/s11469-014-9512-3
                54280a37-4479-4fb3-8c93-ab3868de54d3
                © 2015
                History

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