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      Recent advances in 2D hexagonal boron nitride (2D-hBN) applied as the basis of electrochemical sensing platforms

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          Abstract

          2D hexagonal boron nitride (2D-hBN) is a lesser utilised material than other 2D counterparts in electrochemistry due to initial reports of it being non-conductive. As we will demonstrate in this review, this common misconception is being challenged, and researchers are starting to utilise 2D-hBN in the field of electrochemistry, particularly as the basis of electroanalytical sensing platforms. In this critical review, we overview the use of 2D-hBN as an electroanalytical sensing platform summarising recent developments and trends and highlight future developments of this interesting, often overlooked, 2D material.

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          Electric Field Effect in Atomically Thin Carbon Films

          We describe monocrystalline graphitic films, which are a few atoms thick but are nonetheless stable under ambient conditions, metallic, and of remarkably high quality. The films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands, and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect such that electrons and holes in concentrations up to 10 13 per square centimeter and with room-temperature mobilities of ∼10,000 square centimeters per volt-second can be induced by applying gate voltage.
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            Van der Waals heterostructures

            Research on graphene and other two-dimensional atomic crystals is intense and is likely to remain one of the leading topics in condensed matter physics and materials science for many years. Looking beyond this field, isolated atomic planes can also be reassembled into designer heterostructures made layer by layer in a precisely chosen sequence. The first, already remarkably complex, such heterostructures (often referred to as 'van der Waals') have recently been fabricated and investigated, revealing unusual properties and new phenomena. Here we review this emerging research area and identify possible future directions. With steady improvement in fabrication techniques and using graphene's springboard, van der Waals heterostructures should develop into a large field of their own.
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              Graphene-like two-dimensional materials.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                c.banks@mmu.ac.uk
                Journal
                Anal Bioanal Chem
                Anal Bioanal Chem
                Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
                Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Berlin/Heidelberg )
                1618-2642
                1618-2650
                7 December 2020
                7 December 2020
                2021
                : 413
                : 3
                : 663-672
                Affiliations
                GRID grid.25627.34, ISNI 0000 0001 0790 5329, Faculty of Science and Engineering, , Manchester Metropolitan University, ; Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD UK
                Author notes

                Published in the topical collection 2D Nanomaterials for Electroanalysis with guest editor Sabine Szunerits.

                Article
                3068
                10.1007/s00216-020-03068-8
                7808977
                33284404
                546c5f77-a4b4-4b24-bc2f-13041f4976de
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 18 October 2020
                : 12 November 2020
                Funding
                Funded by: Manchester Metropolitan University
                Categories
                Review
                Custom metadata
                © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021

                Analytical chemistry
                2d hexagonal boron nitride,2d-hbn,electroanalysis,sensors,electrochemistry
                Analytical chemistry
                2d hexagonal boron nitride, 2d-hbn, electroanalysis, sensors, electrochemistry

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