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      Competencias transversales en la formación de especialistas en pediatría, Universidad de Chile Translated title: Transversal competencies for specialists training in the Pediatrics Residency Program, University of Chile

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          Abstract

          Introducción. El Programa de Formación de Especialistas en Pediatría (PFEP) debe responder a las necesidades futuras de la salud, políticas del país y, además, modernizarse acorde con las evidencias de la educación en ciencias de la salud, las que recomiendan la educación basada en competencias. Objetivo. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar las competencias transversales (CT) que debe lograr el licenciado del PFEP de la Universidad de Chile y evaluar su adquisición. Sujetos y métodos. Estudio cualitativo, descriptivo. Entre noviembre de 2006 y enero de 2007 se seleccionaron informantes clave mediante entrevistas en profundidad: ocho líderes, seis residentes y seis licenciados del PFEP de la Universidad de Chile, y se les preguntó por la relevancia y el logro de seis CT. Resultados. Para enfrentar los actuales desafíos laborales y epidemiológicos, se consideró fundamental la capacitación como médico de cabecera en pediatría ambulatoria y clínicas de continuidad, la adquisición de competencias de urgencia pediátrica y el manejo básico del niño hospitalizado. Se dio relevancia a la incorporación de CT carentes en el PFEP, como bioética, relación médico-paciente-familia, salud pública, trabajo en equipo y medicina basada en la evidencia (MBE). La docencia fue considerada como una actividad inherente al ejercicio médico, y se pudo ofrecer como un electivo al igual que la gestión. Conclusión. La adquisición de CT, más allá de las tradicionales competencias clínicas, es un desafío para la actual formación del pediatra y su adecuada preparación para el ejercicio profesional.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction. Teaching guidelines and the pediatrics exercise must adequate to the health requirements of the population needs and country politics, taking in consideration the new tendencies in medical education, with the introduction of competencies in the specialists training programs. Aim. To identify the competencies transversal to all specialties training programs (CT), that are important for the Pediatrics Residency Program (PFEP) at the Chile University. Subjects and methods. Qualitative and interpretive study, performed between November 2006 and January 2007. Key persons were interviewed (6 residents, 6 graduates and 8 opinion leaders) about the relevance and achievement of six CT. Results. The interviewed highlighted the necessity of trained pediatricians in ambulatory settings and continuity clinics, the acquisition of competencies in emergency units and basic skills in hospital training. They considered that the current training is lacking of important CT such as bioethics, physician-patient and family communication, public health, team work and evidence based medicine. Teaching skills and practice management are part of the medical profession; they could be introduced as an elective activity. Conclusion. The acquisition of CT during the PFEP transcend beyond the traditional clinical competencies, it is a challenge to introduce them in the PFEP.

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          Qualitative evaluation and research methods

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              Changes in students' moral development during medical school: a cohort study.

              The requirements of professionalism and the expected qualities of medical staff, including high moral character, motivate institutions to care about the ethical development of students during their medical education. We assessed progress in moral reasoning in a cohort of medical students over the first 3 years of their education. We invited all 92 medical students enrolled at the University of Sherbrooke, Que., to complete a questionnaire on moral reasoning at the start of their first year of medical school and at the end of their third year. We used the French version of Kohlberg's Moral Judgment Interview. Responses to the questionnaire were coded by stage of moral development, and weighted average scores were assigned according to frequency of use of each stage. Of the 92 medical students, 54 completed the questionnaire in the fall of the first year and again at the end of their third year. The average age of the students at the end of the third year was 21 years, and 79% of the students included in the study were women. Over the 3-year period, the stage of moral development did not change substantially (i.e., by more than half a stage) for 39 (72%) of the students, shifted to a lower stage for 7 (13%) and shifted to a higher stage for 8 (15%). The overall mean change in stage was not significant (from mean 3.46 in year 1 to 3.48 in year 3, p = 0.86); however, the overall mean change in weighted average scores showed a significant decline in moral development (p = 0.028). Temporal variations in students' scores show a levelling process of their moral reasoning. This finding prompts us to ask whether a hidden curriculum exists in the structure of medical education that inhibits rather than facilitates the development of moral reasoning.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                edu
                Educación Médica
                Educ. méd.
                Fundación Educación Médica (, , Spain )
                1575-1813
                March 2009
                : 12
                : 1
                : 33-41
                Affiliations
                [03] Independencia orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Escuela de Medicina Chile
                [01] orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Pediatría Norte
                [02] orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Pediatría Occidente
                Article
                S1575-18132009000100006
                10.4321/s1575-18132009000100006
                54af20b9-3654-44fd-a8db-40d20b3e609d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

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                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain


                Chile,Competencias transversales,Pediatría ambulatoria,Programa de formación de especialistas en pediatría,Residentes de pediatría,Ambulatory pediatrics,Pediatrics Residency Program,Residents,Transversal competencies

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