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      ONLINE PRONOUN RESOLUTION IN L2 DISCOURSE: L1 Influence and General Learner Effects

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          The rapid use of gender information: evidence of the time course of pronoun resolution from eyetracking.

          J. Arnold (2000)
          Eye movements of listeners were monitored to investigate how gender information and accessibility influence the initial processes of pronoun interpretation. Previous studies on this issue have produced mixed results, and several studies have concluded that gender cues are not automatically used during the early processes of pronoun interpretation (e.g. Garnham, A., Oakhill, J. & Cruttenden, H. (1992). The role of implicit causality and gender cue in the interpretation of pronouns. Language and Cognitive Processes, 73 (4), 231-255; Greene, S. B., McKoon, G. & Ratcliff, R. (1992). Pronoun resolution and discourse models. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 182, 266-283). In the two experiments presented here, participants viewed a picture with two familiar cartoon characters of either same or different gender. They listened to a text describing the picture, in which a pronoun referred to either the first, more accessible, character, or the second. (For example, Donald is bringing some mail to ¿Mickey/Minnie¿ while a violent storm is beginning. He's carrying an umbrellaellipsis.) The results of both experiments show rapid use of both gender and accessibility at approximately 200 ms after the pronoun offset.
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            Topic Continuity in Discourse

            T Givon (1983)
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              Syntactic Ambiguity Resolution While Reading in Second and Native Languages

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                applab
                Studies in Second Language Acquisition
                Stud. Sec. Lang. Acq.
                Cambridge University Press (CUP)
                0272-2631
                1470-1545
                September 2008
                July 16 2008
                : 30
                : 03
                Article
                10.1017/S0272263108080480
                54ce791c-8875-45fd-8d7d-6b89870244ca
                © 2008
                History

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