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      Electric Stimulation of the Olfactory Mucosa: A New Test for the Study of the Hypothalamic Functionality

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          Abstract

          A new test is proposed for the sounding of the hypothalamic-pituitary functionality by means of the electric stimulation of the olfactory mucosa. Following the application, an appropriate electric stimulus in correspondence to the olfactory mucosa or of that which covers the middle turbinate, we noticed significant variations in the plasmatic cortísol (11-OHCS), which form a curve whose vertex corresponds to the 20th min following the application of the stimulus. The increase of the plasmatic 11-OHCS in normal subjects is always 100% greater than the basic values which are again reached at the 60th min. When the electrode is applied far from the olfactory mucosa (inferior turbinate), no change in the 11-OHCS values is obtained. In patients with post-operative anosmia, no change is obtained in the plasmatic values of the 11-OHCS. This excludes the possibility that the cortisolic response is merely dependent on a stress mechanism; consequently, a direct stimulation of the rhinencephalic structures, which are responsible for the neuro-secretion of the CRF-ACTH system, must be assumed. The stress prevents the cortisolic value from rising further following the olfactory stimulation; therefore the phenomena observed may depend on a state of refraction of the responsive structures (diencephalon, olfactory nerve) induced by the elevated steroid levels.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          HRE
          Horm Res Paediatr
          10.1159/issn.1663-2818
          Hormone Research in Paediatrics
          S. Karger AG
          1663-2818
          1663-2826
          1973
          1973
          21 November 2008
          : 4
          : 3
          : 141-152
          Affiliations
          Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna
          Article
          178302 Horm Res 1973;4:141–152
          10.1159/000178302
          4355995
          54ed8507-aa56-4267-a661-49577735b82b
          © 1973 S. Karger AG, Basel

          Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

          History
          Page count
          Pages: 12
          Categories
          Paper

          Endocrinology & Diabetes,Neurology,Nutrition & Dietetics,Sexual medicine,Internal medicine,Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
          Study of the hypothalamic functionality,Electric stimulation,Hypothalamic functionality,Olfactory mucosa

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