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      Social media for health promotion in diabetes: study protocol for a participatory public health intervention design

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          Abstract

          Background

          Participatory health approaches are increasingly drawing attention among the scientific community, and could be used for health promotion programmes on diabetes through social media. The main aim of this project is to research how to best use social media to promote healthy lifestyles with and within the Norwegian population.

          Methods

          The design of the health promotion intervention (HPI) will be participatory, and will involve both a panel of healthcare experts and social media users following the Norwegian Diabetes Association. The panel of experts will agree on the contents by following the Delphi method, and social media users will participate in the definition of the HPI by expressing their opinions through an adhoc online questionnaire. The agreed contents between both parties to be used in the HPI will be posted on three social media channels (Facebook, Twitter and Instagram) along 24 months. The 3 months before starting the HPI, and the 3 months after the HPI will be used as control data. The effect of the HPI will be assessed by comparing formats, frequency, and reactions to the published HPI messages, as well as comparing potential changes in five support-intended communication behaviours expressed on social media, and variations in sentiment analysis before vs during and after the HPI.

          The HPI’s effect on social media users’ health-related lifestyles, online health behaviours, and satisfaction with the intervention will be assessed every 6 months through online questionnaires. A separate questionnaire will be used to assess the panel of experts’ satisfaction and perceptions of the benefits for health professionals of a HPI as this one.

          Discussion

          The time constraints of today’s medical practice combined with the piling demand of chronic conditions such as diabetes make any additional request of extra time used by health care professionals a challenge. Social media channels provide efficient, ubiquitous and user-friendly platforms that can encourage participation, engagement and action necessary from both those who receive and provide care to make health promotion interventions successful.

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          Most cited references19

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          Controllability of Stressful Events and Satisfaction With Spouse Support Behaviors

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            The Delphi method and health research

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              Internet interventions to support lifestyle modification for diabetes management: a systematic review of the evidence.

              The Internet presents a widely accessible, 24-h means to promote chronic disease management. The objective of this review is to identify studies that used Internet based interventions to promote lifestyle modification among adults with type 2 diabetes. We searched PubMed using the terms: [internet, computer, phone, smartphone, mhealth, mobile health, web based, telehealth, social media, text messages] combined with [diabetes management and diabetes control] through January 2013. Studies were included if they described an Internet intervention, targeted adults with type 2 diabetes, focused on lifestyle modification, and included an evaluation component with behavioral outcomes. Of the 2803 papers identified, nine met inclusion criteria. Two studies demonstrated improvements in diet and/or physical activity and two studies demonstrated improvements in glycemic control comparing web-based intervention with control. Successful studies were theory-based, included interactive components with tracking and personalized feedback, and provided opportunities for peer support. Website utilization declined over time in all studies that reported on it. Few studies focused on high risk, underserved populations. Web-based strategies provide a viable option for facilitating diabetes self-management. Future research is needed on the use of web-based interventions in underserved communities and studies examining website utilization patterns and engagement over time. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                elia.gabarron@ehealthresearch.no
                Meghan.Bradway@ehealthresearch.no
                lluque@hbku.edu.qa
                Taridzo.Chomutare@ehealthresearch.no
                anne.helen.hanzen@gmail.com
                rolf.wynn@gmail.com
                Eirik.Arsand@ehealthresearch.no
                Journal
                BMC Health Serv Res
                BMC Health Serv Res
                BMC Health Services Research
                BioMed Central (London )
                1472-6963
                5 June 2018
                5 June 2018
                2018
                : 18
                : 414
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 4689 5540, GRID grid.412244.5, Norwegian Centre for E-health research, , University Hospital of North Norway, ; Sykehusvegen 23, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
                [2 ]ISNI 0000000122595234, GRID grid.10919.30, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, , The Arctic University of Norway, ; 9019 Tromsø, Norway
                [3 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1789 3191, GRID grid.452146.0, Qatar Computing Research Institute, , Hamad Bin Khalifa University, ; Hamad Bin Khalifa Research Complex, Education City, Doha, Qatar
                [4 ]ISNI 0000 0004 4689 5540, GRID grid.412244.5, Department of Community Medicine, , University Hospital of North Norway, ; 9016 Tromsø, Norway
                [5 ]ISNI 0000000122595234, GRID grid.10919.30, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, , The Arctic University of Norway, ; 9019 Tromsø, Norway
                [6 ]ISNI 0000 0004 4689 5540, GRID grid.412244.5, Division of Mental Health and Addictions, , University Hospital of North Norway, ; 9016 Tromsø, Norway
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-550X
                Article
                3178
                10.1186/s12913-018-3178-7
                5989446
                29871675
                552e8556-671c-4a39-8b3d-87c40c8a7ba3
                © The Author(s). 2018

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                : 10 November 2017
                : 2 May 2018
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007137, Helse Nord RHF;
                Award ID: HNF1370-17
                Categories
                Study Protocol
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2018

                Health & Social care
                diabetes,health promotion,health education,social media,facebook,twitter,instagram,community-based participatory research

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