2
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Treatment with direct-acting antivirals improves peripheral insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic, lean chronic hepatitis C patients

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background and aims

          Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with insulin resistance, which may lead to type 2 diabetes and its complications. Although HCV infects mainly hepatocytes, it may impair insulin sensitivity at the level of uninfected extrahepatic tissues (muscles and adipose tissue). The aim of this study was to assess whether an interferon-free, antiviral therapy may improve HCV-associated hepatic vs. peripheral insulin sensitivity.

          Methods

          In a single-arm exploratory trial, 17 non-diabetic, lean chronic hepatitis C patients without significant fibrosis were enrolled, and 12 completed the study. Patients were treated with a combination of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir and ribavirin for 12 weeks, and were submitted to a 2-step euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp with tracers, together with indirect calorimetry measurement, to measure insulin sensitivity before and after 6 weeks of antivirals. A panel of 27 metabolically active cytokines was analyzed at baseline and after therapy-induced viral suppression.

          Results

          Clamp analysis performed in 12 patients who achieved complete viral suppression after 6 weeks of therapy showed a significant improvement of the peripheral insulin sensitivity (13.1% [4.6–36.7], p = 0.003), whereas no difference was observed neither in the endogenous glucose production, in lipolysis suppression nor in substrate oxidation. A distinct subset of hepatokines, potentially involved in liver-to-periphery crosstalk, was modified by the antiviral therapy.

          Conclusion

          Pharmacological inhibition of HCV improves peripheral (but not hepatic) insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic, lean individuals with chronic hepatitis C without significant fibrosis.

          Related collections

          Most cited references61

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          The lipid droplet is an important organelle for hepatitis C virus production.

          The lipid droplet (LD) is an organelle that is used for the storage of neutral lipids. It dynamically moves through the cytoplasm, interacting with other organelles, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). These interactions are thought to facilitate the transport of lipids and proteins to other organelles. The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a causative agent of chronic liver diseases. HCV capsid protein (Core) associates with the LD, envelope proteins E1 and E2 reside in the ER lumen, and the viral replicase is assumed to localize on ER-derived membranes. How and where HCV particles are assembled, however, is poorly understood. Here, we show that the LD is involved in the production of infectious virus particles. We demonstrate that Core recruits nonstructural (NS) proteins and replication complexes to LD-associated membranes, and that this recruitment is critical for producing infectious viruses. Furthermore, virus particles were observed in close proximity to LDs, indicating that some steps of virus assembly take place around LDs. This study reveals a novel function of LDs in the assembly of infectious HCV and provides a new perspective on how viruses usurp cellular functions.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Hepatokines: linking nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance

            In this Review, the authors describe the factors that influence the development of hepatic steatosis and discuss the evidence base that links steatosis to insulin resistance. They explore how steatosis alters the secretion of hepatokines from the liver, and how these secretome alterations regulate glucose metabolism and insulin action in non-hepatic tissues.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis C after direct-acting antiviral treatment: a prospective cohort study

              Although direct-acting antivirals have been used extensively to treat patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, their clinical effectiveness has not been well reported. We compared the incidence of death, hepatocellular carcinoma, and decompensated cirrhosis between patients treated with direct-acting antivirals and those untreated, in the French ANRS CO22 Hepather cohort.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: ValidationRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Data curationRole: ResourcesRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: ValidationRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: Project administrationRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                6 June 2019
                2019
                : 14
                : 6
                : e0217751
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Division of Endocrinology, diabetology, hypertension and nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
                [2 ] Department of Pathology and immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
                [3 ] Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
                [4 ] Division of Radiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
                [5 ] Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
                [6 ] Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
                Kaohsiung Medical University, TAIWAN
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: F.N. has received research grants from Gilead and AbbVie, and is advising Gilead, AbbVie and Merck. This does not alter our adherence to PLoS One policies on sharing data and materials.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4046-4806
                Article
                PONE-D-19-05928
                10.1371/journal.pone.0217751
                6553748
                31170218
                55a6f148-0de6-40ee-a17f-a0fe9518e702
                © 2019 Gastaldi et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 15 March 2019
                : 8 May 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 3, Tables: 2, Pages: 17
                Funding
                Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001711, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung;
                Award ID: 314730-166609
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Fondation pour la Recherche sur le Diabète
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100005564, Gilead Sciences;
                Award Recipient :
                This work was supported by: (FN) Gilead Sciences, Inc. Foster City, CA, US, https://www.gilead.com/; Swiss National Science Foundation (314730-166609 to F.N.), http://www.snf.ch/en/Pages/default.aspx; FLAGS Foundation and the Fondation pour la Recherche sur le Diabète, Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.fondation-diabete.ch/. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Endocrinology
                Diabetic Endocrinology
                Insulin
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Biochemistry
                Hormones
                Insulin
                Biology and life sciences
                Organisms
                Viruses
                RNA viruses
                Flaviviruses
                Hepacivirus
                Hepatitis C virus
                Biology and life sciences
                Microbiology
                Medical microbiology
                Microbial pathogens
                Viral pathogens
                Flaviviruses
                Hepacivirus
                Hepatitis C virus
                Medicine and health sciences
                Pathology and laboratory medicine
                Pathogens
                Microbial pathogens
                Viral pathogens
                Flaviviruses
                Hepacivirus
                Hepatitis C virus
                Biology and life sciences
                Organisms
                Viruses
                Viral pathogens
                Flaviviruses
                Hepacivirus
                Hepatitis C virus
                Biology and life sciences
                Microbiology
                Medical microbiology
                Microbial pathogens
                Viral pathogens
                Hepatitis viruses
                Hepatitis C virus
                Medicine and health sciences
                Pathology and laboratory medicine
                Pathogens
                Microbial pathogens
                Viral pathogens
                Hepatitis viruses
                Hepatitis C virus
                Biology and life sciences
                Organisms
                Viruses
                Viral pathogens
                Hepatitis viruses
                Hepatitis C virus
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Biochemistry
                Metabolism
                Carbohydrate Metabolism
                Glucose Metabolism
                Physical Sciences
                Chemistry
                Chemical Compounds
                Organic Compounds
                Carbohydrates
                Monosaccharides
                Glucose
                Physical Sciences
                Chemistry
                Organic Chemistry
                Organic Compounds
                Carbohydrates
                Monosaccharides
                Glucose
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Gastroenterology and Hepatology
                Liver Diseases
                Chronic Liver Disease
                Chronic Hepatitis
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Pharmacology
                Drugs
                Antimicrobials
                Antivirals
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Microbiology
                Microbial Control
                Antimicrobials
                Antivirals
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Microbiology
                Virology
                Antivirals
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Endocrinology
                Endocrine Disorders
                Diabetes Mellitus
                Type 2 Diabetes
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Metabolic Disorders
                Diabetes Mellitus
                Type 2 Diabetes
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Anatomy
                Biological Tissue
                Adipose Tissue
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Anatomy
                Biological Tissue
                Adipose Tissue
                Custom metadata
                All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.

                Uncategorized
                Uncategorized

                Comments

                Comment on this article