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      Eye-tunes: role of music in ophthalmology and vision sciences

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          Abstract

          Although the healing effect of music has been recognized since time immemorial, there has been a renewed interest in its use in modern medicine. This can be attributed to the increasing focus on holistic healing and on the subjective and objective aspects of well-being. In ophthalmology, this has ranged from using music for patients undergoing diagnostic procedures and surgery, as well as for doctors and the operation theatre staff during surgical procedures. Music has proven to be a potent nonpharmacological sedative and anxiolytic, allaying both the pain and stress of surgery. This review aims to explore the available evidence about the role of music as an adjunct for diagnostic and surgical procedures in current ophthalmic practices.

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          Size and synchronization of auditory cortex promotes musical, literacy, and attentional skills in children.

          Annemarie Seither-Preisler, Richard Parncutt, Peter Schneider (2014)
          Playing a musical instrument is associated with numerous neural processes that continuously modify the human brain and may facilitate characteristic auditory skills. In a longitudinal study, we investigated the auditory and neural plasticity of musical learning in 111 young children (aged 7-9 y) as a function of the intensity of instrumental practice and musical aptitude. Because of the frequent co-occurrence of central auditory processing disorders and attentional deficits, we also tested 21 children with attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder [AD(H)D]. Magnetic resonance imaging and magnetoencephalography revealed enlarged Heschl's gyri and enhanced right-left hemispheric synchronization of the primary evoked response (P1) to harmonic complex sounds in children who spent more time practicing a musical instrument. The anatomical characteristics were positively correlated with frequency discrimination, reading, and spelling skills. Conversely, AD(H)D children showed reduced volumes of Heschl's gyri and enhanced volumes of the plana temporalia that were associated with a distinct bilateral P1 asynchrony. This may indicate a risk for central auditory processing disorders that are often associated with attentional and literacy problems. The longitudinal comparisons revealed a very high stability of auditory cortex morphology and gray matter volumes, suggesting that the combined anatomical and functional parameters are neural markers of musicality and attention deficits. Educational and clinical implications are considered. Copyright © 2014 the authors 0270-6474/14/3410937-13$15.00/0.
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            The effect of music with and without binaural beat audio on operative anxiety in patients undergoing cataract surgery: a randomized controlled trial

            D Wiwatwongwana, P Vichitvejpaisal, L Thaikruea … (2016)
            PurposeTo investigate the anxiolytic effects of binaural beat embedded audio in patients undergoing cataract surgery under local anesthesia.MethodsThis prospective RCT included 141 patients undergoing cataract surgery under local anesthesia. The patients were randomized into three groups; the Binaural beat music group (BB), the plain music intervention group (MI), and a control group (ear phones with no music). Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate were measured on admission, at the beginning of and 20 min after the start of the operation. Peri-operative anxiety level was assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire (STAI).ResultsThe BB and MI groups comprised 44 patients each and the control group 47. Patients in the MI group and BB group showed significant reduction of STAI state scores after music intervention compared with the control group (P<0.001) but the difference was not significant between the MI and BB group (STAI-S score MI group -7.0, BB group -9.0, P=0.085). Systolic BP was significantly lower in both MI (P=0.043) and BB (0.040) groups although there was no difference between the two groups (P=1.000). A significant reduction in heart rate was seen only in the BB group (BB vs control P=0.004, BB vs MI P=0.050, MI vs control P=0.303).ConclusionMusic, both with and without binaural beat, was proven to decrease anxiety level and lower systolic BP. Patients who received binaural beat audio showed additional decrease in heart rate. Binaural beat embedded musical intervention may have benefit over musical intervention alone in decreasing operative anxiety.
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              Meditation and Music Improve Memory and Cognitive Function in Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

              Kim Innes, Terry Selfe, Dharma Khalsa … (2017)
              While effective therapies for preventing or slowing cognitive decline in at-risk populations remain elusive, evidence suggests mind-body interventions may hold promise.
              Article 0 comments Cited 23 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Shruti Muralidharan
                Parul Ichhpujani:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6256-4002
                Shibal Bhartiya
                Rohan Bir Singh:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-3900
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Ther Adv Ophthalmol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Ther Adv Ophthalmol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): OED
                Journal ID (hwp): spoed
                Title: Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology
                Publisher: SAGE Publications (Sage UK: London, England )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2515-8414
                Publication date (Electronic): 2 September 2021
                Publication date Collection: Jan-Dec 2021
                Volume: 13
                Electronic Location Identifier: 25158414211040890
                Affiliations
                [1-25158414211040890]Glaucoma Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India
                [2-25158414211040890]Professor, Glaucoma Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College & Hospital, Sector 32-A, Chandigarh 160030, India
                [3-25158414211040890]Glaucoma Facility, Department of Ophthalmology, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon, India
                [4-25158414211040890]Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
                [5-25158414211040890]Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
                Author notes
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6256-4002
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-3900
                Article
                Publisher ID: 10.1177_25158414211040890
                DOI: 10.1177/25158414211040890
                PMC ID: 8419534
                SO-VID: 55ad6c7b-52a5-4961-a1fa-75575bf47804
                Copyright © © The Author(s), 2021
                License:

                This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page ( https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

                History
                Date received : 15 April 2021
                Date accepted : 3 August 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Review
                Custom metadata
                cover-date January-December 2021
                typesetter ts1

                Keywords: cataract surgery,glaucoma,music,ocular surgery,retina
                Data availability:
                Keywords: cataract surgery, glaucoma, music, ocular surgery, retina

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