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      Severidad, estética e impacto psicosocial de anomalías dentomaxilofaciales en niños y adolescentes Translated title: Severity, aesthetics and psychosocial impact of dentomaxillofacial anomalies in children and adolescents

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Fundamento: la apariencia dental simboliza un papel básico en la toma de decisiones de los pacientes con necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico. Al mismo tiempo, la motivación para emprender una mejora estética, posee un trasfondo más profundo de origen psicosocial que hace imposible separar ambos factores en el análisis. Es por ello, que la comunidad ortodóncica debe desplegar acciones que sirvan de premisa para dar prioridad al tratamiento, sobre todo, en aquellos individuos donde la autoimagen y autoestima despiertan gran interés, entiéndase niños y adolescentes. Objetivo: analizar la relación entre la severidad, estética e impacto psicosocial de anomalías dentomaxilofaciales para la atención ortodóncica en niños y adolescentes. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en niños y adolescentes de la clínica estomatológica del Policlínico Docente Tula Aguilera, desde septiembre 2017 a septiembre 2018. Se utilizaron índices epidemiológicos, a saber: índice de estética dental, índice de necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico y el cuestionario de impacto psicosocial de la estética dental. Se verificó la importancia otorgada por los adolescentes a la estética dental según la severidad de la misma. Resultados: más de la cuarta parte de los adolescentes indicaron que las anomalías dentomaxilofaciales tienen un impacto significativo en su vida, desde la perspectiva psicosocial. El grado de afectación estética moderado predominó según la percepción de los pacientes, en especial el de las féminas. Conclusiones: existió una relación entre la severidad de las anomalías, la afectación estética e impacto psicosocial, comportándose de manera significativa en algunos casos.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Background: the dental appearance symbolizes a basic role in the decision-making of patients in need of orthodontic treatment. At the same time, the motivation to undertake an aesthetic improvement has a deeper psychosocial background that makes it impossible to separate the two factors in the analysis. That is why; the orthodontic community must deploy actions that serve as a premise to give priority to treatment, especially in those individuals where self-image and self-esteem arouse great interest, children and adolescents. Objective: to analyze the relationship between the severity, aesthetics and psychosocial impact of dentomaxillofacial anomalies for orthodontic care in children and adolescents. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in children and adolescents of the dental clinic of the Tula Aguilera teaching polyclinic, in the period from September 2017 to September 2018. Epidemiological indexes were used, namely: Index of Dental Aesthetics, Index of Need for Treatment Orthodontic and the Psychosocial Impact Questionnaire of Dental Aesthetics. The importance given by adolescents to dental aesthetics was verified according to its severity. Results: more than a quarter of adolescents indicated that dentomaxillofacial anomalies have a significant impact on their life, from a psychosocial perspective. The moderate degree of aesthetic involvement predominated according to the perception of the patients, especially that of the females. Conclusions: there was a relationship between the severity of the anomalies, the aesthetic affectation and the psychosocial impact, behaving significantly in some cases.

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          The relationship between patient, parent and clinician perceived need and normative orthodontic treatment need.

          The aim of the present study was to compare patient, parent and clinician perceived need for orthodontic treatment in relation to normative orthodontic treatment need as measured by the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). A prospective cross-sectional study was designed to address this aim. The sample comprised 103 patients attending the 'new' patient clinic at the Jordan University Hospital. The patients' mean age was 15.3 years (standard deviation 3.8 years); 33 per cent were males and 67 per cent females. One clinician scored the patients' normative orthodontic treatment need using the IOTN, then determined perceived need using a 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS). The subjects then assessed their own perceived need and aesthetic component (AC) score and the parents carried out similar assessments for their children. All scoring was carried out blind. The parents had the highest average perceived need scores, followed by patient and clinician scores (6.6, 6.1 and 5.4 cm, respectively). A significant difference was found between the parents and the clinician (P 0.05). The present study has shown that perceptions of orthodontic treatment need are multifactorial and influenced by elements other than health measures of normative orthodontic treatment need and perceptions of aesthetics.
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            A Systematic Review of Individual Motivational Factors in Orthodontic Treatment: Facial Attractiveness as the Main Motivational Factor in Orthodontic Treatment

            Introduction. Physical, mental, and social consequences of malocclusion may impact the quality of life. The aim of this review is to describe main factors motivating parents for orthodontic treatment for their children. Methods. A systematic review study design was used to identify articles analyzing different motivational factors in orthodontic treatment appearing in Medline database, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. The search terms used were teasing, motivating factors, orthodontics, malocclusion, quality of life, smile attractiveness, and perception of malocclusion. Papers selected up to May 2013 included retrospective and prospective longitudinal studies, randomized control trials, cross-sectional studies, reviews, and meta-analyses. Results. 13 articles included in this review identified aesthetics as the main motivational factor in orthodontic treatment. Children mention teeth crowding, large overbite, missing teeth, and largest maxillary anterior irregularities also as motivational factors. Parents want their children to look nice and worry of being accused of neglecting parental duties. Conclusions. Dissatisfaction with one's appearance, dentist recommendation, interest and worries of parents, and the impact of peers who wear braces rank among the main motivation factors of seeking orthodontic treatment. Understanding these factors allows better planning of resources and better assessment of the requirements and priorities of treatment.
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              Objective measures as indicators for facial esthetics in white adolescents.

              The objective of this study was to examine the contribution of objective measures representing anterior-posterior and vertical characteristics, dental esthetics, or their combination that are used in daily orthodontic practice in the assessment of facial esthetics. A panel of 78 laymen evaluated facial esthetics of 32 boys and 32 girls, stratified over the four Angle classes, on a visual analogue scale. The relation between the objective parameters and facial esthetics was evaluated by backward multiple regression analysis. Dental esthetics as expressed by the Aesthetic Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (AC/IOTN) appeared to be the most important indicator for facial esthetics. A new parameter, the "horizontal sum" was found to be a reliable variable for the anterior-posterior characteristics of the patient. Addition of this newly defined parameter to the AC/IOTN improved the prognostic value from 25% to 31%.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                amc
                Revista Archivo Médico de Camagüey
                AMC
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas Camagüey (Camagüey, , Cuba )
                1025-0255
                December 2020
                : 24
                : 6
                : e7723
                Affiliations
                [3] Camagüey orgnameUniversidad de Ciencias Médicas de Camagüey orgdiv1Policlínico de Especialidades Pediátricas Eduardo Agramonte Piña orgdiv2Servicio de Ortodoncia Cuba
                [1] Camagüey orgnameUniversidad de Ciencias Médicas de Camagüey orgdiv1Facultad de Estomatología orgdiv2Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas Cuba
                [4] Camagüey orgnameUniversidad de Ciencias Médicas de Camagüey orgdiv1Facultad de Estomatología orgdiv2Departamento Docente Metodológico Cuba
                [2] Camagüey orgnameUniversidad de Camagüey Ignacio Agramonte y Loynaz orgdiv1Centro de Estudio en Ciencias de la Educación Enrique José Varona Cuba
                Article
                S1025-02552020000600009 S1025-0255(20)02400600009
                55ef6b42-111c-4ffb-828c-b848a46137c6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 July 2020
                : 22 October 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                Artículos Originales

                DENTOFACIAL DEFORMITIES/therapy,DENTOFACIAL DEFORMITIES/psychology,ESTHETICS, DENTAL,CHILD,ADOLESCENT,DEFORMIDADES DENTOFACIALES/terapia,DEFORMIDADES DENTOFACIALES/psicología,ESTÉTICA DENTAL,NIÑO,ADOLESCENTE

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