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      Cardiac tumors in a tertiary care cancer hospital: clinical features, echocardiographic findings, treatment and outcomes

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          Abstract

          Cardiac tumors are a rare entity, comprised of tumors with diverse histology and natural history. We report the clinical characteristics, echocardiograhic findings, therapy and outcome of 59 patients with primary and metastatic cardiac tumors. Our institutional echocardiogram data base from 1993 through 2005 was reviewed to identify patients diagnosed with intra-cardiac tumor. A total of 59 patients with cardiac tumors were identified and included in the study. The patients' characteristics, presenting symptoms, diagnostic tests, location, histology of the tumor, treatment and the one year survival rate of this population was collected from the medical records. Of the 59 cardiac tumor cases, 16 (27%) were primary cardiac tumors and 43 (73%) were secondary cardiac tumors. The most common primary tumor was sarcoma affecting 13 (81%) of the 16 cases. Of these, 5 patients were angiosarcoma, 5 unclassified sarcoma, one myxoid sarcoma and 2 malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The mean age at presentation was 41.1 years, and the most common location was right atrium affecting 6 cases (37.5%). The most common symptom of dyspnea was present in 10 (62.5%) cases. Eleven (25.6%) of the 43 secondary cardiac tumors were metastasis from renal cell carcinoma. The mean age at presentation was 55.4 years. Right atrium was the most frequent location affecting 18 (42%) of the 43 patients. The most common presenting symptom was dyspnea in 15 (35%) cases. For both primary and secondary tumors, dyspnea was the most common symptom and right atrium was most frequently involved. Sarcoma was the most common primary cardiac tumor while metastasis from renal cell carcinoma was the most common secondary tumor.

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          Most cited references45

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          Primary sarcomas of the heart.

          Seventy-five primary sarcomas of the heart were classified by histologic appearance as angiosarcoma (26 cases), undifferentiated sarcoma (18 cases), osteosarcoma (9 cases), fibrosarcoma (6 cases), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (6 cases), leiomyosarcoma (4 cases), myxosarcoma (3 cases), synovial sarcoma (2 cases), and neurofibrosarcoma (1 case). The ages of the patients ranged from 1 to 75 years at the time of presentation (mean, 39 years). Angiosarcomas were predominantly right-sided and osteosarcomas left-sided. Forty patients treated surgically were examined, and survival correlated with clinical and histologic parameters. the survival rate was poor, with a mean of 11 months and median of 6 months. By univariate analysis, the survival rate was more favorable for patients with tumors located on the left side of the heart, without necrosis, with a low mitotic count, and without metastasis at diagnosis. Survival rates were better in patients receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Age, gender, presence of differentiation, and histologic type did not affect prognosis. By multivariate analysis, a low level of mitotic activity and any therapy were the only significant factors affecting survival rate. Immunostaining with commercially available antisera was useful in the diagnosis of sarcoma but not in subclassification of 19 tumors so tested. Although the prognosis for patients with cardiac sarcomas is dismal, histologic grading is useful in predicting outcome, as has been shown for soft tissue sarcomas of other sites.
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            Malignant primary cardiac tumors: review of a single institution experience.

            Primary cardiac sarcomas are uncommon. The authors undertook to review the Mayo Clinic's experience with primary cardiac sarcomas consisting of 34 patients seen over a 32-year period. The patient database at the Mayo Clinic was searched to identify patients with malignant tumors of the heart seen during the 32-year period between 1975 and 2007. Thirty-four patients with primary cardiac sarcomas were identified and their medical records reviewed for details pertaining to presenting symptoms, staging modalities, treatment approaches, and outcomes. Of the 34 patients, 17 were men and 17 were women. The median age was 44 years. The mean duration of symptoms at the time of diagnosis was 3.6 months. The most common histologic type was angiosarcoma (41%). The median follow-up for the entire group was 12 months (range, 0-61 months). The median survival for those who underwent a complete surgical excision was 17 months compared with 6 months for those in whom a surgical complete remission could not be achieved (P = .01). Patients with angiosarcoma had a lower survival compared with patients with other histologies (5 months vs 17 months; P = .01). The median survival of patients with metastatic disease was 5 months versus 15 months in patients without metastatic disease (P = .03 by the log-rank test). Cardiac sarcomas remain a rare but lethal disease. Compared with extracardiac sarcomas, the prognosis for patients with cardiac sarcomas remains very poor. A complete surgical excision should be performed if possible. Innovative treatment strategies are required. (c) 2008 American Cancer Society.
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              Cardiac tumours: diagnosis and management.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Heart Int
                HI
                HI
                Heart International
                PAGEPress Publications (Pavia, Italy )
                1826-1868
                2036-2579
                13 February 2012
                03 February 2012
                : 7
                : 1
                : e4
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Cardiology and
                [2 ]Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Syed Wamique Yusuf, Department of Cardiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1451, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Tel. +1.713.792.8472 - Fax: +1.713.745.1942. E-mail: syusuf@ 123456mdanderson.org

                Conflict of interest: the authors declare that they have no competing interests.

                Article
                hi.2012.e4
                10.4081/hi.2012.e4
                3366300
                22690297
                56103a81-36c3-49e7-9bb0-96fc3d9107d2
                ©Copyright S.W. Yusuf et al., 2012

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 3.0 License (CC BY-NC 3.0).

                Licensee PAGEPress srl, Italy

                History
                : 24 June 2011
                : 09 January 2012
                Categories
                Review

                Cardiovascular Medicine
                tertiary care cancer hospital.,cardiac tumors
                Cardiovascular Medicine
                tertiary care cancer hospital., cardiac tumors

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