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      Four new species of the primitively segmented spider genus Qiongthela from Hainan Island, China (Mesothelae, Liphistiidae)

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          The primitively segmented spider genus Qiongthela Xu & Kuntner, 2015 consists of seven species that are distributed in Hainan Island, China and southern Vietnam. Of the seven species, five are known from Hainan Island. In this study, four more Qiongthela species collected from Hainan Island are diagnosed and described as new to science based on morphological characters: Q. baoting sp. nov. (♂♀), Q. qiongzhong sp. nov. (♂♀), Q. sanya sp. nov. (♂♀), Q. yinggezui sp. nov. (♂♀). To facilitate future identification, the GenBank accession codes of the DNA barcode gene, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), for all the type specimens are also provided.

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          Extant primitively segmented spiders have recently diversified from an ancient lineage

           Z. Zhang,  X. Xu,  F. Liu … (2015)
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            Integrative taxonomy of the primitively segmented spider genusGanthela(Araneae: Mesothelae: Liphistiidae): DNA barcoding gap agrees with morphology

             Xin Xu,  Fengxiang Liu,  Jian Chen … (2015)
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              A genus-level taxonomic review of primitively segmented spiders (Mesothelae, Liphistiidae)

               Xin Xu,  Fengxiang Liu,  Jian Chen … (2015)
              Abstract The spider suborder Mesothelae , containing a single extant family Liphistiidae , represents a species-poor and ancient lineage. These are conspicuous spiders that primitively retain a segmented abdomen and appendage-like spinnerets. While their classification history is nearly devoid of phylogenetic hypotheses, we here revise liphistiid genus level taxonomy based on original sampling throughout their Asian range, and on the evidence from a novel molecular phylogeny. By combining morphological and natural history evidence with phylogenetic relationships in the companion paper, we provide strong support for the monophyly of Liphistiidae , and the two subfamilies Liphistiinae and Heptathelinae . While the former only contains Liphistius Schiödte, 1849, a genus distributed in Indonesia (Sumatra), Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, we recognize and diagnose seven heptatheline genera, all but three removed from the synonymy of Heptathela : i) Ganthela Xu & Kuntner, gen. n. with the type species Ganthela yundingensis Xu, sp. n. is known from Fujian and Jiangxi, China; ii) a rediagnosed Heptathela Kishida, 1923 is confined to the Japanese islands (Kyushu and Okinawa); iii) Qiongthela Xu & Kuntner, gen. n. with the type species Qiongthela baishensis Xu, sp. n. is distributed disjunctly in Hainan, China and Vietnam; iv) Ryuthela Haupt, 1983 is confined to the Ryukyu archipelago (Japan); v) Sinothela Haupt, 2003 inhabits Chinese areas north of Yangtze; vi) Songthela Ono, 2000 inhabits southwest China and northern Vietnam; and vii) Vinathela Ono, 2000 ( Abcathela Ono, 2000, syn. n.; Nanthela Haupt, 2003, syn. n.) is known from southeast China and Vietnam.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Daiqin Li:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8269-7734
                Xin Xu:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5632-6622
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Zookeys
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Zookeys
                Journal ID (publisher-id): 2
                Journal ID (index): urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:45048D35-BB1D-5CE8-9668-537E44BD4C7E
                Journal ID (aggregator): urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:91BD42D4-90F1-4B45-9350-EEF175B1727A
                Title: ZooKeys
                Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
                ISSN (Print): 1313-2989
                ISSN (Electronic): 1313-2970
                Publication date Collection: 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 12 February 2020
                Volume: 911
                Pages: 51-66
                Affiliations
                [1 ] College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan Province, China Hunan Normal University Changsha China
                [2 ] State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, and Centre for Behavioural Ecology and Evolution (CBEE), School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, 368 Youyi Road, Wuhan 430062, Hubei Province, China Hubei University Wuhan China
                [3 ] Yinggeling Nature Reserve, Baisha Li Autonomous County, 572800, China Yinggeling Nature Reserve Baisha Li Autonomous County China
                [4 ] Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Xin Xu ( xuxin_09@ 123456163.com ), Daiqin Li ( dbslidq@ 123456nus.edu.sg )

                Academic editor: Jeremy Miller

                Article
                Publisher ID: 48703
                DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.911.48703
                PMC ID: 7031386
                Copyright statement: Li Yu, Fengxiang Liu, Zengtao Zhang, Yan Wang, Daiqin Li, Xin Xu

                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                Product
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Subject: Araneae
                Subject: Liphistiidae
                Subject: Taxonomy
                Subject: Asia

                Data availability:

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Animal science & Zoology

                Keywords: liphistiidae, abdominal tergites, araneae, animalia, trapdoor spiders, taxonomy, genital morphology, coi

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