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      Interventions for improving upper limb function after stroke

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          Abstract

          Improving upper limb function is a core element of stroke rehabilitation needed to maximise patient outcomes and reduce disability. Evidence about effects of individual treatment techniques and modalities is synthesised within many reviews. For selection of effective rehabilitation treatment, the relative effectiveness of interventions must be known. However, a comprehensive overview of systematic reviews in this area is currently lacking.

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          Most cited references233

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          GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations.

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            Better reporting of interventions: template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide

            Without a complete published description of interventions, clinicians and patients cannot reliably implement interventions that are shown to be useful, and other researchers cannot replicate or build on research findings. The quality of description of interventions in publications, however, is remarkably poor. To improve the completeness of reporting, and ultimately the replicability, of interventions, an international group of experts and stakeholders developed the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide. The process involved a literature review for relevant checklists and research, a Delphi survey of an international panel of experts to guide item selection, and a face to face panel meeting. The resultant 12 item TIDieR checklist (brief name, why, what (materials), what (procedure), who provided, how, where, when and how much, tailoring, modifications, how well (planned), how well (actual)) is an extension of the CONSORT 2010 statement (item 5) and the SPIRIT 2013 statement (item 11). While the emphasis of the checklist is on trials, the guidance is intended to apply across all evaluative study designs. This paper presents the TIDieR checklist and guide, with an explanation and elaboration for each item, and examples of good reporting. The TIDieR checklist and guide should improve the reporting of interventions and make it easier for authors to structure accounts of their interventions, reviewers and editors to assess the descriptions, and readers to use the information.
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              Reliability of the PEDro scale for rating quality of randomized controlled trials.

              Assessment of the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is common practice in systematic reviews. However, the reliability of data obtained with most quality assessment scales has not been established. This report describes 2 studies designed to investigate the reliability of data obtained with the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale developed to rate the quality of RCTs evaluating physical therapist interventions. In the first study, 11 raters independently rated 25 RCTs randomly selected from the PEDro database. In the second study, 2 raters rated 120 RCTs randomly selected from the PEDro database, and disagreements were resolved by a third rater; this generated a set of individual rater and consensus ratings. The process was repeated by independent raters to create a second set of individual and consensus ratings. Reliability of ratings of PEDro scale items was calculated using multirater kappas, and reliability of the total (summed) score was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC [1,1]). The kappa value for each of the 11 items ranged from.36 to.80 for individual assessors and from.50 to.79 for consensus ratings generated by groups of 2 or 3 raters. The ICC for the total score was.56 (95% confidence interval=.47-.65) for ratings by individuals, and the ICC for consensus ratings was.68 (95% confidence interval=.57-.76). The reliability of ratings of PEDro scale items varied from "fair" to "substantial," and the reliability of the total PEDro score was "fair" to "good."
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                146518
                Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
                Wiley
                14651858
                November 12 2014
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Glasgow Caledonian University; Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit; Buchanan House Cowcaddens Road Glasgow UK G4 0BA
                [2 ]University of Glasgow; Academic Section of Geriatric Medicine; Level 2, New Lister Building Glasgow Royal Infirmary Glasgow UK G31 2ER
                [3 ]University of Edinburgh; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences; Room S1642, Royal Infirmary Little France Crescent Edinburgh UK EH16 4SA
                [4 ]Private Europäische Medizinische Akademie der Klinik Bavaria in Kreischa GmbH; Wissenschaftliches Institut; An der Wolfsschlucht 1-2 Kreischa Germany 01731
                [5 ]Glasgow Caledonian University; Institute for Applied Health Research and the School of Health and Life Sciences; Glasgow UK
                Article
                10.1002/14651858.CD010820.pub2
                6469541
                25387001
                569bb2ce-c1ee-438e-add3-871ed9ec3849
                © 2014
                History

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