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      Risco cardiovascular em policiais militares de uma cidade de grande porte do Nordeste do Brasil Translated title: Cardiovascular Risk among Military Policemen of a Large City in Northeastern Brazil Translated title: Riesgo cardiovascular en Policía Militar de una gran ciudad del Nordeste de Brasil

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          Abstract

          A pesquisa estimou prevalência e fatores associados ao risco cardiovascular elevado (RCE), a partir da obesidade abdominal, em uma amostra de 316 policiais militares (PMs) de uma cidade de grande porte do Nordeste do Brasil. Os preditores selecionados foram: sexo, idade, situação conjugal, graduação, função e tempo na polícia, nível de atividade física e tabagismo. Empregou-se a regressão logística de Poisson, com variância robusta, para avaliar a associação entre RCE e fatores sociodemográficos, comportamentais e relacionados ao trabalho policial. O RCE ocorreu em 32,3% dos PMs pesquisados. Na análise ajustada, sexo (RP: 2,39; IC95%: 1,20-4,77), tempo na polícia (RP: 1,74; IC95%: 1,17-2,58) e nível de atividade física (RP: 1,36; IC95%: 1,00-1,83) foram associados com o RCE entre os policiais, ajustados por graduação.

          Translated abstract

          This research estimated the prevalence and factors associated with high cardiovascular risk (HCR), evaluating from abdominal obesity in a sample of 316 military policemen of a large city in Northeastern Brazil. Predictors: gender, age, marital status, graduation, function and time in the police, level of physical activity and smoking. We used the Poisson regression with robust variance to assess the association between HCR and sociodemographic, behavioral and work-related factors. The HCR occurred in 32.3% of subjects surveyed. In the adjusted analysis, gender (OR: 2.39, IC95%: 1.20-4.77), time in the police (OR: 1.74, IC95%: 1.17-2.58) and physical activity level (OR: 1.36, IC95%: 1.00-1.83) were associated with HCR among subjects, adjusted for graduation.

          Translated abstract

          Este estudio estima la prevalencia y los factores asociados con alto riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) de la obesidad abdominal en una muestra de 316 policía militar de una gran ciudad en el noreste de Brasil. Los predictores: género, edad, estado civil, la graduación, la función y el tiempo en la policía, el nivel de actividad física y el tabaquismo. Se utilizó la regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta para evaluar la asociación entre RCV y los predictores socio demográficos, conductuales y relacionados con el trabajo policial. El RCV se produjo en el 32,3% de los sujetos. En el análisis ajustado, género (RP: 2.39; IC95%: 1,20-4.77), tiempo en policía (RP: 1.74; IC95%: 1,17-2.58) y el nivel de actividad física (RP: 1,36; IC95%: 1,00-1.83) se asociaron con RCV entre los sujetos, ajustado para la graduación.

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          International Day for the Evaluation of Abdominal Obesity (IDEA): a study of waist circumference, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus in 168,000 primary care patients in 63 countries.

          Abdominal adiposity is a growing clinical and public health problem. It is not known whether it is similarly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus in different regions around the world, and thus whether measurement of waist circumference (WC) in addition to body mass index (BMI) is useful in primary care practice. Randomly chosen primary care physicians in 63 countries recruited consecutive patients aged 18 to 80 years on 2 prespecified half days. WC and BMI were measured and the presence of CVD and diabetes mellitus recorded. Of the patients who consulted the primary care physicians, 97% agreed to participate in the present study. Overall, 24% of 69,409 men and 27% of 98,750 women were obese (BMI > or = 30 kg/m2). A further 40% and 30% of men and women, respectively, were overweight (BMI 25 to 30 kg/m2). Increased WC (> 102 for men and > 88 cm for women) was recorded in 29% and 48%, CVD in 16% and 13%, and diabetes mellitus in 13% and 11% of men and women, respectively. A statistically significant graded increase existed in the frequency of CVD and diabetes mellitus with both BMI and WC, with a stronger relationship for WC than for BMI across regions for both genders. This relationship between WC, CVD, and particularly diabetes mellitus was seen even in lean patients (BMI < 25 kg/m2). Among men and women who consulted primary care physicians, BMI and particularly WC were both strongly linked to CVD and especially to diabetes mellitus. Strategies to address this global problem are required to prevent an epidemic of these major causes of morbidity and mortality.
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            Optimal cut-off values for obesity: using simple anthropometric indices to predict cardiovascular risk factors in Taiwan.

            The increased health risks associated with obesity have been found to occur in Asians at lower body mass indices (BMIs). To determine the optimal cut-off values for overweight or obesity in Taiwan, we examined the relationships between four anthropometric indices and cardiovascular risk factors. The data were collected from four health-screening centers from 1998 to 2000 in Taiwan. Included were 55 563 subjects (26 359 men and 29 204 women, mean age=37.3+/-10.9 and 37.0+/-11.1 y, respectively). None had known major systemic diseases or were taking medication. Individual body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and a series of tests related to cardiovascular risk (blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) were assessed and their relationships were examined. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to find out the optimal cut-off values of various anthropometric indices to predict hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. Of the four anthropometric indices we studied, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in women was found to have the largest areas under the ROC curve (women=0.755, 95% CI 0.748-0.763) relative to at least one risk factor (ie hypertension or diabetes or dyslipidemia). The optimal cut-off values for overweight or obesity from our study in men and women showed that BMIs of 23.6 and 22.1 kg/m(2), WCs of 80.5 and 71.5 cm, waist-to-hip ratios (WHpR) of 0.85 and 0.76, and WHtR of 0.48 and 0.45, respectively, may be more appropriate in Taiwan. WHtR may be a better indicator for screening overweight- or obesity-related CVD risk factors than the other three indexes (BMI, WC and WHpR) in Taiwan. Our study also supported the hypothesis that the cut-off values using BMI and WC to define obesity should be much lower in Taiwan than in Western countries.
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              Sexual dimorphism of age-related changes in whole-body fat distribution in the obese.

              We performed a cross-sectional study using whole-body computerized tomographic (CT) scans in order to clarify age-related changes in whole-body fat distribution in both genders. The subjects were 66 men and 96 women, whose body mass index (BMI) was over 25 kg/m2. CT scans were performed at seven levels (head, fore-arms, upper arms, chest, abdomen, thighs and calves), and the fat volumes of the segments were calculated from the cross-sectional areas of the fat tissues. After calibrating to the total fat volumes, the relationship between age and the relative segmental fat volumes was analysed. In both genders, the relative intra-abdominal visceral fat volume increased and that of the legs decreased with age. The relative abdominal subcutaneous fat volume decreased with age only in male subjects. The increase in the relative visceral fat volume with age was about 2.6 times larger in males than in pre-menopausal females, while post-menopausal females showed the same increase as male subjects. These data suggest that there is a definite gender difference in the age-related changes in whole-body fat distribution, especially in the abdominal fat tissues. In addition, the accumulation of visceral fat is markedly accelerated by menopause in women.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbce
                Revista Brasileira de Ciências do Esporte
                Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Esporte
                Colégio Brasileiro de Ciências do Esporte (Porto Alegre )
                2179-3255
                September 2014
                : 36
                : 3
                : 692-699
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana Brazil
                Article
                S0101-32892014000300692
                10.1590/2179-325520143630017
                57167bce-31d6-470e-907e-b92925255991

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0101-3289&lng=en
                Categories
                SPORT SCIENCES

                Sports medicine
                Abdominal obesity,Cardiovascular diseases,Military police,Physical activity,Obesidad abdominal,Enfermedades cardiovasculares,Policía Militar,Actividad física,Obesidade abdominal,Doenças cardiovasculares,Policiais militares,Atividade física

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