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      Pneumothorax catamenial: resultats de 18 cas opérés Translated title: Pneumothorax catamenial: results of 18 cases operas

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          Abstract

          L'objectif de notre étude était de proposer une approche thérapeutique du pneumothorax cataménial à partir des résultats de nos 18 cas opérés. Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective de Janvier 1994 à Décembre 2016 qui a concerné 18 patientes âgées en moyenne de 32,2 ans opérées d'un pneumothorax cataménial droit (16 cas) et bilatéral (2 cas). Les patientes ont été réparties en 3 groupes en fonction de l'évolution dans le temps de notre attitude chirurgicale: le groupe 1 (G1) de janvier 1994 à juin 2006, le groupe 2 (G2) de juillet 2006 à février 2008 et le groupe 3(G3) de mars 2008 à décembre 2016, ces groupes contenaient respectivement 5, 2 et 11 patientes. Ces patientes toutes nullipares avaient une dysménorrhée depuis la puberté associée dans 11 cas à des douleurs thoraciques cataméniales. La radiographie standard du thorax a été systématique et complétée dans 8 cas par un scanner thoracique qui a objectivé en plus du pneumothorax, des bulles apicales (5 cas). L'exploration par mini thoracotomie postéro-latérale (16 cas) et par vidéothoracoscopie (2 cas de G3) a retrouvé des fenestrations diaphragmatiques (18 cas) et des bulles (5 cas). La biopsie des lésions et la résection des bulles a été systématique. Vis-à-vis des fenestrations diaphragmatiques, la chirurgie a consisté dans le groupe 1 en une résection-suture avec abrasion pleurale, dans le groupe 2 une couverture par un patch de Gore-tex avec abrasion pleurale et dans le groupe 3 une couverture par un patch avec talcage pleural. Une hormonothérapie (triptoreline) de 6 mois a été prescrite à chaque patiente en postopératoire pour suspendre les menstrues. Le résultat de la chirurgie a été apprécié sur la base de la survenue ou non d'une récidive du pneumothorax à la reprise des menstrues. La mortalité a été nulle. Le séjour hospitalier post opératoire moyen était de 9,32 jours. Les examens anatomopathologiques ont confirmé l'endométriose thoracique dans 9 cas. Après un suivi moyen de 5,3 ans, le résultat était bon chez 12 patientes (3/5 de G1, 1/2 de G2 et 8/11 de G3), 3 patientes de G3 ont continué de présenter des épisodes de dyspnée minime au début de quelques menstrues sans récidive radiologique, 3 patientes (2 de G1 et 1 de G2) ont récidivé et ont fait l'objet de reprise chirurgicale. En cas de pneumothorax cataménial avec fenestrations diaphragmatiques, nous proposons une phrénoplastie de recouvrement au patch associée à un talcage pleural et une hormonothérapie complémentaire concomitante de 6 mois.

          Translated abstract

          This study aims to propose a therapeutic approach for catamenial pneumothorax based on outcomes reported in 18 cases. We conducted a retrospective study of 18 female elderly patients with an average age of 32.2 years who had undergone surgery for right (16 cases) and bilateral catamenial pneumothorax (2 cases) from January 1994 to December 2016. The patients were divided into 3 groups on the basis of the evolution of our surgical capability over time: group 1(G1) from January 1994 to June 2006, group 2 (G2) from July 2006 to February 2008, group 3(G3) from March 2008 to December 2016, these groups were composed of 5, 2 and 11 patients respectively. All these patients were nulliparous who had suffered from dysmenorrhoea associated, in 11 cases, to catamenial chest pain since puberty. Standard radiographic evaluation of the chest was sistematically performed and complemented, in 8 cases, by chest CT scan that showed apical bubbles in addition to pneumothorax (5 cases). Exploration through posterolateral mini-thoracotomy (16 cases) and through videothoracoscopy (2 case of G3) showed diaphragmatic fenestrations (18 cases) and bubbles (5 cases). Biopsy of lesions as well as resection of the bubbles were sistematically performed . Surgical treatment of diaphragmatic fenestrations was based, in group 1, on resection-suture with pleural abrasion, in group 2, on Gore-tex patches coverage with pleural abrasion and, in group 3, on patch coverage with pleural talcage. Each patient underwent hormone therapy (triptoreline) for 6 months during postoperative period, in order to suspend menstruations. Surgical outcomes were evaluated on the basis of the recurrence or non-recurrence of a pneumothorax after resumption of menstruations. Mortality was zero. Postoperative hospital length of stay was 9.32 days. Anatomo-pathological examinations confirmed thoracic endometriosis in 9 cases. After a mean follow-up period of 5.3 years, outcomes were good in 12 patients (3/5 in G1, 1/2 in G2 and 8/11 in G3); 3 patients in G3 continued to have minimal episodes of dyspnoea at the beginning of some menstrual cycles without radiological evidence of recidivism, 3 patients (2 in G1 and 1 in G2) had recurrences requiring reoperation. We recommend phrenoplasty using patches associated with pleural talcage and complementary concomitant hormone therapy for 6 months in patients suffering from catamenial pneumothorax with diaphragmatic fenestrations.

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          Catamenial pneumothorax: retrospective study of surgical treatment.

          Catamenial pneumothorax is a rare entity characterized by recurrent accumulation of air in the thoracic space during menstruation. Catamenial pneumothorax is also associated with a high rate of postoperative recurrence. The aim of this study was to discuss the etiology and to determine the optimal surgical treatment of this entity.
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            Surgical treatment of catamenial pneumothorax: a single centre experience.

            We retrospectively reviewed our experience with catamenial pneumothorax (CP) in terms of treatment and follow-up. From 1993 to 2008, ten women presented at our department with CP. CP was right-sided in all patients: seven presented diaphragmatic defects including one endometriosis, five had apical bulla or blebs that in three patients were the only pathological findings. Surgical approach was thoracoscopic with a muscle-sparing thoracotomy when diaphragmatic defects where present. All patients underwent apical resection and apical pleurectomy associated in seven cases with diaphragmatic plication and chemical pleurodesis. After surgery nine patients underwent hormonal treatment: three were put on estrogen-progesterone complex treatment and six received gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist). Recurrence rate was 40% and it was significantly correlated with estrogen-progesterone treatment (P<0.005). The mean follow-up was 52+/-32 months (range 14-168). At the present time, no recurrence has occurred in all women. Occurrence of CP is often underestimated. At the time of surgery the diaphragm should be carefully inspected for defects and/or endometriosis. Standard pleurodesis may not suffice and we suggest apical resection and apical pleurectomy associated with a diaphragmatic procedure when indicated. Hormonal treatment with GnRH agonist seems to improve the outcome.
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              Catamenial pneumothorax: surgical repair of the diaphragm and hormone treatment.

              Catamenial pneumothorax is defined as spontaneous pneumothoraces occurring within 72 h before or after onset of menstruation. It is rare but clinical index of suspicion should be high in ovulating women with spontaneous pneumothoraces. The mechanism is unclear but is thought to involve pre-existing or acquired diaphragmatic defects and endometrial implants. Traditional therapy involving hormonal treatment or surgical pleurodesis alone is associated with high rates of recurrence. A series of four patients with catamenial pneumothorax managed at our institution is presented to highlight the condition to various surgical specialties to whom it may present, and to emphasise the importance of both surgical and hormonal interventions in preventing recurrence. Each patient underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic inspection of the diaphragm, mechanical pleurodesis and, most importantly, repair of diaphragmatic defects with an artificial mesh. Surgical treatment was strictly followed by a course of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue therapy in three patients, with no recurrence to date (longest follow-up 45 months). The fourth patient suffered a postoperative recurrence when hormonal treatment was delayed for 6 weeks, stressing the importance of hormonal treatment in conjunction with surgery.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Pan Afr Med J
                Pan Afr Med J
                PAMJ
                The Pan African Medical Journal
                The African Field Epidemiology Network
                1937-8688
                25 June 2018
                2018
                : 30
                : 168
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Institut de Cardiologie d’Abidjan, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
                [2 ]Service d’Anesthésie et de Réanimation, Institut de Cardiologie d’Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
                [3 ]Service de Gynéco-obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reichville, Côte d’Ivoire
                [4 ]Service de Pneumo-Phtisiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Cocody, Côte d’Ivoire
                Author notes
                [& ]Corresponding author: Raphael Ouede, Service de Chirurgie Thoracique de l’Institut de Cardiologie d’Abidjan, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
                Article
                PAMJ-30-168
                10.11604/pamj.2018.30.168.15308
                6235471
                57667394-6063-45b7-8975-2b710bd498e7
                © Raphael Ouede et al.

                The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 26 February 2018
                : 10 June 2018
                Categories
                Case Series

                Medicine
                endométriose thoracique,pneumothorax cataménial,phrénoplastie,pleurodèse,hormonothérapie,chirurgie,thoracic endometriosis,catamenial pneumothorax,phrenoplasty,pleurodesis,hormone therapy,surgery

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