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      Health, function and disability in stroke patients in the community

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          ABSTRACT

          Background

          Stroke patients commonly have impairments associated with reduction in functionality. Among these impairments, the motor impairments are the most prevalent. The functional profile of these patients living in the community who are users of the primary health-care services in Brazil has not yet been established

          Objective

          To describe the functional profile of stroke patients who are users of the primary health-care services in Brazil, looking at one health-care unit in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

          Method

          From medical records and home visits, data were collected regarding health status, assistance received following the stroke, personal and environmental contextual factors, function and disability, organized according to the conceptual framework of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Test and instruments commonly applied in the assessment of stroke patients were used.

          Results

          Demographic data from all stroke patients who were users of the health-care unit (n=44, age: 69.23±13.12 years and 67±66.52 months since the stroke) participated of this study. Most subjects presented with disabilities, as changes in emotional function, muscle strength, and mobility, risks of falling during functional activities, negative self-perception of quality of life, and perception of the environment factors were perceived as obstacles. The majority of the patients used the health-care unit to renew drug prescriptions, and did not receive any information on stroke from health professionals, even though patients believed it was important for patients to receive information and to provide clarifications.

          Conclusion

          Stroke patients who used primary health-care services in Brazil have chronic disabilities and health needs that require continuous health attention from rehabilitation professionals. All of these health needs should be considered by health professionals to provide better management as part of the integral care of stroke patients, as recommended by the clinical practice guidelines for stroke rehabilitation.

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          Most cited references118

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          [The Mini-Mental State Examination in a general population: impact of educational status].

          To assess the influence of age and education on cognitive performance in our population, 530 adults were interviewed using the MMSE (Mini-Mental Status Examination). Education level, classified as illiterate, elementary and middle ( 8 years), was a significant predictor of performance (p or = 65 years). The reference cut-off values were taken from the fifth percent lowest score for each group: illiterate, 13; elementary and middle, 18; and high, 26. When compared to 94 patients with cognitive impairment, our cut-off values achieved high sensitivity (82.4% for illiterates; 75.6% for elementary and middle; 80% for high) and specificity (97.5% for illiterate; 96.6% for elementary and middle; 95.6% for high educational level). Education-specific reference values for the MMSE are necessary in interpreting individual test results in populations of low educational level, in order to reduce the false positive results.
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            Classification of walking handicap in the stroke population.

            The limited walking ability that follows a stroke restricts the patient's independent mobility about the home and community, a significant social handicap. To improve the in-hospital prediction of functional outcome, the relationships between impairment, disability, and handicap were assessed with clinical measures in 147 stroke patients. The patients' level of functional walking ability at home and in the community was assigned by expert clinicians to one of the six categories of a modified Hoffer Functional Ambulation scale at least 3 months after discharge. A 19-item questionnaire was further used to assess current customary mobility of the subjects. Functional muscle strength and proprioception were tested, and walking velocity was measured. The significant indicators of impairment, upright motor control knee flexion and extension strength, differentiated household from community ambulators. The addition of velocity improved the functional prediction. Proprioception was clinically normal in all walkers. The validity of the criteria for the six levels of walking handicap was confirmed statistically. Stepwise discriminant analysis reduced the ambulation activities on the questionnaire from 19 to 7. Redefinition of the criteria for patient classification using the coefficients and constants of the seven critical functions improved the prediction of patient walking ability to 84%. The results of this study offer a quantitative method of relating the social disadvantage of stroke patients to the impairment and disability sustained. The measurement of therapeutic outcome in relation to the social advantage for the patient would allow more efficient standardization of treatment and services.
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              • Article: not found

              Physical activity and exercise after stroke: review of multiple meaningful benefits.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Braz J Phys Ther
                Braz J Phys Ther
                rbfis
                Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy
                Associação Brasileira de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Fisioterapia
                1413-3555
                1809-9246
                20 June 2016
                Jul-Aug 2016
                : 20
                : 4
                : 355-366
                Affiliations
                [1 ]orgdiv1Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional orgnameUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais normalizedUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte MGBraziloriginalDepartamento de Fisioterapia, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: Christina Danielli Coelho de Morais Faria Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional Departamento de Fisioterapia Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil e-mail: cdcmf@ 123456ufmg.br
                Article
                10.1590/bjpt-rbf.2014.0171
                5015678
                27556392
                5787afe5-9a8f-4019-aafd-adf81925fa71

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 03 August 2015
                : 01 December 2015
                : 10 February 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 4, Equations: 0, References: 68, Pages: 12
                Categories
                Original Articles

                rehabilitation,stroke,international classification of functioning,disability and health,continuity of patient care

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