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      Efeito de um programa de treinamento da memória de trabalho em adultos idosos Translated title: Effect of a working memory training program in older adults

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          Abstract

          Este estudo objetivou examinar os efeitos de um Treinamento da Memória de Trabalho (TMT) em idosos saudáveis. Vinte participantes compuseram a amostra final, onze do grupo experimental (TMT) e nove do controle (socialização). Todos foram submetidos a uma avaliação neuropsicológica pré e pós-intervenção. Os encontros foram realizados uma vez por semana, durante três meses. Houve melhora significativa, no grupo experimental, em atenção concentrada, aprendizagem, memória de curto prazo e episódica, e no grupo controle, em um menor número de variáveis, na atenção concentrada e memória episódica. O TMT parece ter promovido efeito de transferência, principalmente na memória episódica, que é relacionada diretamente aos subsistemas da memória de trabalho (MT), sugerindo que o TMT pode ser útil no contexto da neuropsicologia do envelhecimento.

          Translated abstract

          The present study examined the effects of a Working Memory Training (WMT) in healthy elderly. Twenty participants comprised the final sample, eleven from the experimental group (WMT) and nine from the control group (socialization). Every subject underwent a neuropsychological evaluation pre and post-intervention. The meetings were held once a week, for three months. Results indicated that subjects in the experimental group improved cognitive functions related to concentrated attention, learning, short-term and episodic memory. Subjects in the control group also demonstrated, in a smaller number of variables, improvement in concentrated attention and episodic memory. WMT seems to have generated a transfer effect, especially to episodic memory, which is directly related to the subsystem of working memory (WM), suggesting that WMT may be useful in the context of the neuropsychology of aging.

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          Critério de classificação econômica Brasil

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            Working memory and language: an overview.

            Working memory involves the temporary storage and manipulation of information that is assumed to be necessary for a wide range of complex cognitive activities. In 1974, Baddeley and Hitch proposed that it could be divided into three subsystems, one concerned with verbal and acoustic information, the phonological loop, a second, the visuospatial sketchpad providing its visual equivalent, while both are dependent upon a third attentionally-limited control system, the central executive. A fourth subsystem, the episodic buffer, has recently been proposed. These are described in turn, with particular reference to implications for both the normal processing of language, and its potential disorders. The reader will be introduced to the concept of a multi-component working memory. Particular emphasis will be placed on the phonological loop component, and (a) its fractionation into a storage and processing component, (b) the neuropsychological evidence for this distinction, and (c) its implication for both native and second language learning. This will be followed by (d) a brief overview of the visuospatial sketchpad and its possible role in language, culminating in (e) discussion of the higher-level control functions of working memory which include (f) the central executive and its multi-dimensional storage system, the episodic buffer. An attempt throughout is made to link the model to its role in both normal and disordered language functions.
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              Mini exame do estado mental e o diagnóstico de demência no Brasil

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                prc
                Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica
                Psicol. Reflex. Crit.
                Curso de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Porto Alegre )
                0102-7972
                2013
                : 26
                : 1
                : 122-135
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [3 ] Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
                [4 ] Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [5 ] Universidade Estácio de Sá Brazil
                Article
                S0102-79722013000100014
                10.1590/S0102-79722013000100014
                57b571b6-cad6-4a96-b470-cc0d83aad158

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History

                Working memory,episodic memory,neuropsychological training,older adults,Memória de trabalho,memória episódica,treinamento neuropsicológico,idoso

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