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      Factores psicosociales del trabajo (demanda-control y desbalance esfuerzo-recompensa), salud mental y tensión arterial: un estudio con maestros escolares en Bogotá, Colombia Translated title: Psychosocial Job Factors (Demand-Control and Effort-Reward Imbalance), Mental Health and Blood Pressure: A Study with High-School Teachers in Bogotá, Colombia

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          Abstract

          Esta investigación identificó la prevalencia de factores psicosociales laborales (FPL), medidos con el JCQ (Job Content Questionnaire) y el ERI (Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire), en profesores escolares de colegios privados en Bogotá; se evaluó la relación entre estos FPL con salud mental y presión arterial. El estudio fue transversal y correlacional. 251 maestros contestaron los cuestionarios JCQ y ERI y el Cuestionario General de Salud de Goldberg. La presión arterial se midió usando monitores digitales de muñeca. La participación fue voluntaria y anónima. Los resultados mostraron relaciones significativas entre la tensión laboral y el desbalance esfuerzo-recompensa con la salud mental pero no con la presión arterial en el grupo completo. Los análisis separados entre hombres y mujeres señalaron algunas relaciones significativas. Los resultados confirman una asociación entre FPL negativos en el contexto laboral de los maestros y su salud mental.

          Translated abstract

          The aims of this research was to identify the prevalence of the psychosocial factors at work, measured with the JCQ (Job Content Questionnaire) and ERI (Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire), in school teachers of Bogotá, and evaluate the relationship of this factors with mental health and blood pressure. This research was crossectional and correlational. A sample of 251 teachers answered the JCQ, the ERI and the General Health Questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured with digital wrist monitors. The participation was voluntary and anonymous. Results showed significant relationships between job strain and effort-reward imbalance with mental health but not with blood pressure for the total group. The results confirm the association between negative psychosocial factor at work with the mental health of school teachers, but not with the blood pressure for all the teachers.

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          The Job Demand-Control (-Support) Model and psychological well-being: A review of 20 years of empirical research

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              Job strain, blood pressure and response to uncontrollable stress.

              The association between cardiovascular disease risk and job strain (high-demand, low-control work) may be mediated by heightened physiological stress responsivity. We hypothesized that high levels of job strain lead to increased cardiovascular responses to uncontrollable but not controllable stressors. Associations between job strain and blood pressure reductions after the working day (unwinding) were also assessed. Assessment of cardiovascular responses to standardized behavioral tasks, and ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate during a working day and evening. We studied 162 school teachers (60 men, 102 women) selected from a larger survey as experiencing high or low job strain. Blood pressure, heart rate and electrodermal responses to an externally paced (uncontrollable) task and a self-paced (controllable) task were assessed. Blood pressure was monitored using ambulatory apparatus from 0900 to 2230 h on a working day. The groups of subjects with high and low job strain did not differ in demographic factors, body mass or resting cardiovascular activity. Blood pressure reactions to the uncontrollable task were greater in high than low job-strain groups, but responses to the controllable task were not significantly different between groups. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not differ between groups over the working day, but decreased to a greater extent in the evening in subjects with low job strain. Job strain is associated with a heightened blood pressure response to uncontrollable but not controllable tasks. The failure of subjects with high job strain to show reduced blood pressure in the evening may be a manifestation of chronic allostatic load.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rups
                Universitas Psychologica
                Univ. Psychol.
                Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (Bogotá )
                1657-9267
                May 2010
                : 9
                : 2
                : 393-407
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad de los Andes Colombia
                Article
                S1657-92672010000200008
                580c1ea4-1214-456a-b701-70d084ad92c5

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1657-9267&lng=en
                Categories
                PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Job Strain,Effort-Reward Imbalance,Mental Health,Blood Pressure,School Teachers,Elementary School Teachers,Stress (Psychology),Tensión laboral,desbalance esfuerzo-recompensa,salud mental,presión arterial,profesores escolares,Profesores de educación básica,estrés psicológico,presión sanguínea

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