Agitation and apathy increase risk of dementia in psychiatric inpatients with late-onset
      psychiatric symptoms

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Abstract

Background

A diagnosis of dementia in middle-aged and elder people is often complicated by physical frailty and comorbid neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs). Previous studies have identified NPSs as a risk factor for dementia. The aim of this study was to figure out to what extent individual NPS and certain demographic factors increased the risk of dementia in middle-aged and senior psychiatric inpatients.

Methods

One hundred twenty-seven middle-aged and senior patients admitted to psychiatric wards for late-onset (age ≥ 50 years) psychiatric symptoms were included and categorized into dementia or non-demented psychiatric disorders (NDPD). The patients’ demographic information and medical records were collected during the first hospitalization and subjected to statistical analyses.

Results

41.73% of the registered psychiatric inpatients were diagnosed as dementia in which Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was the dominant subtype. The NDPD group consisted of nine individual diagnoses, except for schizophrenia. The frequencies of dementia inpatients increased with first episode age while that of NDPD inpatients decreased with first episode age. In the enrolled inpatients, most of dementia patients were males while females accounted for a higher proportion of NDPD patients. 58.49% of enrolled dementia inpatients presented cognitive deficit (CD) as the initial symptom while the remaining 41.51% showed NPS as initial symptom. Of the 12 NPSs, agitation and apathy greatly and significantly increased risk of dementia in psychiatric inpatients with late-onset psychiatric symptoms.

Conclusions

These results added evidence that the demented patients admitted to psychiatric ward are more likely to be male, older first episode age, and have characteristic NPS including aberrant motor behavior (AMB), hallucinations, agitation, irritability and apathy. Further, this study emphasized the importance of agitation and apathy of NPSs functioning as risk factors of dementia in these inpatients.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12888-021-03210-5.

Related collections

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Author and article information

Contributors

Yongjun Wang: wangyj1931@163.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Psychiatry

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Psychiatry

Title: BMC Psychiatry

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1471-244X

Publication date (Electronic): 28 April 2021

Publication date PMC-release: 28 April 2021

Publication date Collection: 2021

Volume: 21

Electronic Location Identifier: 214

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.452897.5, ISNI 0000 0004 6091 8446, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, , Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, ; Shenzhen, China

[2 ]GRID grid.268099.c, ISNI 0000 0001 0348 3990, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, , Wenzhou Medical University, ; Wenzhou, China

Article

Publisher ID: 3210

DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03210-5

PMC ID: 8080316

PubMed ID: 33910556

SO-VID: 58339c43-0728-49ef-9d68-7de2279c05b0

License:

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