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      Evaluation of gastrointestinal bacterial population for the production of holocellulose enzymes for biomass deconstruction

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          Abstract

          The gastrointestinal (GI) habitat of ruminant and non-ruminant animals sustains a vast ensemble of microbes that are capable of utilizing lignocellulosic plant biomass. In this study, an indigenous swine (Zovawk) and a domesticated goat (Black Bengal) were investigated to isolate bacteria having plant biomass degrading enzymes. After screening and enzymatic quantification of eighty-one obtained bacterial isolates, Serratia rubidaea strain DBT4 and Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus strain DBT87 were revealed as the most potent strains, showing both cellulase and xylanase production. A biomass utilization study showed that submerged fermentation (SmF) of D2 (alkaline pretreated pulpy biomass) using strain DBT4 resulted in the most efficient biomass deconstruction with maximum xylanase (11.98 U/mL) and FPase (0.5 U/mL) activities (55°C, pH 8). The present study demonstrated that bacterial strains residing in the gastrointestinal region of non-ruminant swine are a promising source for lignocellulose degrading microorganisms that could be used for biomass conversion.

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          Measurement of cellulase activities

          T. Ghose (1987)
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            Interlaboratory testing of methods for assay of xylanase activity

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              How biotech can transform biofuels.

              For cellulosic ethanol to become a reality, biotechnological solutions should focus on optimizing the conversion of biomass to sugars.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: MethodologyRole: SoftwareRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Data curation
                Role: Data curationRole: Software
                Role: Formal analysisRole: Validation
                Role: Formal analysisRole: Resources
                Role: ResourcesRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                12 October 2017
                2017
                : 12
                : 10
                : e0186355
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Aizawl, Mizoram University, Mizoram, India
                [2 ] Bioctalysts Lab., Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
                [3 ] Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
                [4 ] Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
                Universite Paris-Sud, FRANCE
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9911-4125
                Article
                PONE-D-17-29676
                10.1371/journal.pone.0186355
                5638507
                29023528
                58392ab3-8f25-4fd3-a40b-a018ec1bd2ba
                © 2017 Asem et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 11 August 2017
                : 1 October 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 6, Tables: 3, Pages: 17
                Funding
                Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001407, Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology;
                Award ID: No BT/323/NE/TBP/2012
                Award Recipient :
                The funding was received from Department of Biotechnology, Government of India to execute this work (No BT/323/NE/TBP/2012) to BPS. The authors would like to extend their sincere appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for its funding to the Research Group number (RG-1435-014). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Biochemistry
                Enzymology
                Enzymes
                Cellulases
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Biochemistry
                Proteins
                Enzymes
                Cellulases
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Organisms
                Eukaryota
                Animals
                Vertebrates
                Amniotes
                Mammals
                Swine
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Organisms
                Bacteria
                Bacillus
                Bacillus Cereus
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Microbiology
                Medical Microbiology
                Microbial Pathogens
                Bacterial Pathogens
                Bacillus
                Bacillus Cereus
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
                Pathogens
                Microbial Pathogens
                Bacterial Pathogens
                Bacillus
                Bacillus Cereus
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Organisms
                Eukaryota
                Animals
                Vertebrates
                Amniotes
                Mammals
                Ruminants
                Goats
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Organisms
                Bacteria
                Enterobacteriaceae
                Serratia
                Research and Analysis Methods
                Microscopy
                Electron Microscopy
                Scanning Electron Microscopy
                Engineering and Technology
                Energy and Power
                Bioenergy
                Bioenergy Feedstock
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Organisms
                Bacteria
                Custom metadata
                All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. All sequences were deposited in the NCBI GenBank database and accession numbers are available in S1 Table.

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                Uncategorized

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