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      Call for Papers: Supportive Care - Essential for Modern Oncology

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      About Oncology Research and Treatment: 2.0 Impact Factor I 3.2 CiteScore I 0.521 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      Schwere Candida-glabrata-Pankolitis und letale Aspergillus-fumigatus-Lungeninfektion vor dem Hintergrund einer Knochenmarkaplasie nach CD19-spezifischer CAR T-Zell-Therapie – ein Fallbericht

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          Abstract

          Hintergrund: Eine lang andauernde Myelosuppression ist ein wichtiges, bisher jedoch unzureichend beschriebenes unerwünschtes Ereignis nach einer gegen CD19 gerichteten CAR-T-Zell-Transfusion. Die resultierende Neutropenie und multifaktorielle Immunsuppression können schwere Infektionskomplikationen begünstigen. Vorstellung des Falls: Wir beschreiben den klinischen Verlauf eines 59-jährigen Patienten mit rezidivierendem/refraktärem DLBCL, der mit Axicabtagen-Ciloleucel (Axi-Cel) behandelt wurde. Der Patient entwickelte ein CRS vom ASTCT-Grad I und ICANS vom Grad IV, was eine Verlegung in die neurologische Intensivstation und anhaltende Gabe hochdosierter Kortikosteroide und anderer Immunsuppressiva erforderlich machte. Die Neutropenie war hochgradig (NEU <100/μl), G-CSF-refraktäre und lang anhaltend (über 50 Tage). 3 Wochen nach der CAR-T-Zell-Transfusion entwickelte der Patient einen schweren septischen Schock unter antimykotischer Prophylaxe mit Micafungin. Unter breiter antiinfektiver Therapie und intensiven supportiven Maßnahmen stabilisierte sich sein Zustand. Ein autogener Stammzell-Boost wurde an Tag 46 angewendet, um die hämatopoietische Erholung zu unterstützen. Daraufhin begannen sich die Werte des Patienten zunächst zu verbessern, dann trat jedoch eine invasive Lungenaspergillose auf, die letztlich zum Atemversagen und Tod des Patienten führte. Die postmortale Untersuchung ergab Anzeichen einer Candida-glabrata-Pankolitis. Schlussfolgerungen: Dieser Fall unterstreicht das erhöhte Risiko tödlicher Infektionskomplikationen bei Patienten mit sehr schwerer und lang andauernder Zytopenie nach einer CAR-T-Zell-Therapie. Wir beschreiben hier einen seltenen Fall einer C.-glabrata-Pankolitis im Zusammenhang mit einer multifaktoriellen Immunsuppression. Unser Patient erlag zwar letztlich einer letalen Mykose, doch die autologe Stammzell-Boosterung vermochte die Hämatopoese anzuregen und könnte somit eine wichtige Behandlungsstrategie bei DLBCL-Patienten mit CAR-T-Zell-assoziierter Knochenmarkaplasie sein, denen zuvor Stammzellen entnommen wurden.

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          Most cited references26

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          Tisagenlecleucel in Adult Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

          Patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that is refractory to primary and second-line therapies or that has relapsed after stem-cell transplantation have a poor prognosis. The chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy tisagenlecleucel targets and eliminates CD19-expressing B cells and showed efficacy against B-cell lymphomas in a single-center, phase 2a study.
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            Is Open Access

            ASTCT Consensus Grading for Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurologic Toxicity Associated with Immune Effector Cells

            Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is rapidly emerging as one of the most promising therapies for hematologic malignancies. Two CAR T products were recently approved in the United States and Europe for the treatment ofpatients up to age 25years with relapsed or refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and/or adults with large B cell lymphoma. Many more CAR T products, as well as other immunotherapies, including various immune cell- and bi-specific antibody-based approaches that function by activation of immune effector cells, are in clinical development for both hematologic and solid tumor malignancies. These therapies are associated with unique toxicities of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurologic toxicity. The assessment and grading of these toxicities vary considerably across clinical trials and across institutions, making it difficult to compare the safety of different products and hindering the ability to develop optimal strategies for management of these toxicities. Moreover, some aspects of these grading systems can be challenging to implement across centers. Therefore, in an effort to harmonize the definitions and grading systems for CRS and neurotoxicity, experts from all aspects of the field met on June 20 and 21, 2018, at a meeting supported by the American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (ASTCT; formerly American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, ASBMT) in Arlington, VA. Here we report the consensus recommendations of that group and propose new definitions and grading for CRS and neurotoxicity that are objective, easy to apply, and ultimately more accurately categorize the severity of these toxicities. The goal is to provide a uniform consensus grading system for CRS and neurotoxicity associated with immune effector cell therapies, for use across clinical trials and in the postapproval clinical setting.
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              Long-term safety and activity of axicabtagene ciloleucel in refractory large B-cell lymphoma (ZUMA-1): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 1–2 trial

              Axicabtagene ciloleucel is an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. In the previous analysis of the ZUMA-1 registrational study, with a median follow-up of 15·4 months (IQR 13·7-17·3), 89 (82%) of 108 assessable patients with refractory large B-cell lymphoma treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel achieved an objective response, and complete responses were noted in 63 (58%) patients. Here we report long-term activity and safety outcomes of the ZUMA-1 study.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                KKO
                10.1159/issn.2296-5416
                Karger Kompass Onkologie
                S. Karger AG
                2296-5416
                2296-5386
                2021
                September 2021
                17 August 2021
                : 8
                : 3
                : 159-165
                Affiliations
                [_a] aKlinik für Hämatologie und Onkologie, Klinikum der LMU München, München, Deutschland
                [_b] bLabor für Translationale Tumorimmunologie, Genzentrum der LMU München, München, Deutschland
                [_c] cDeutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK) und Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Deutschland
                [_d] dKlinik für Radiologie, Klinikum der LMU München, München, Deutschland
                [_e] ePathologisches Institut, Klinikum der LMU München, München, Deutschland
                [_f] fNeurochirurgische Klinik, Klinikum der LMU München, München, Deutschland
                [_g] gNeurologische Klinik, Klinikum der LMU München, München, Deutschland
                Article
                518824 Kompass Onkol 2021;8:159–165
                10.1159/000518824
                583e60d1-9416-46ac-b13e-9b6bc5b31fa8
                © 2021 S. Karger GmbH, Freiburg

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 3, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Erfahrung aus der Praxis

                Oncology & Radiotherapy,Pathology,Surgery,Obstetrics & Gynecology,Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine,Hematology
                Hämatotoxizität,CAR-T-Zellen, Candida glabrata ,Fallbericht,Invasive Aspergillose

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