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      Enhancing Wireless Information and Power Transfer by Exploiting Multi-Antenna Techniques

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          Abstract

          This paper reviews emerging wireless information and power transfer (WIPT) technique with an emphasis on its performance enhancement employing multi-antenna techniques. Compared to traditional wireless information transmission, WIPT faces numerous challenges. First, it is more susceptible to channel fading and path loss, resulting in a much shorter power transfer distance. Second, it gives rise to the issue on how to balance spectral efficiency for information transmission and energy efficiency for power transfer in order to obtain an optimal tradeoff. Third, there exists a security issue for information transmission in order to improve power transfer efficiency. In this context, multi-antenna techniques, e.g., energy beamforming, are introduced to solve these problems by exploiting spatial degree of freedom. This article provides a tutorial on various aspects of multi-antenna based WIPT techniques, with a focus on tackling the challenges by parameter optimization and protocol design. In particular, we investigate the WIPT tradeoffs based on two typical multi-antenna techniques, namely limited feedback multi-antenna technique for short-distance transfer and large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (LS-MIMO, also known as massive MIMO) technique for long-distance transfer. Finally, simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.

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          Wireless Networks With RF Energy Harvesting: A Contemporary Survey

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            Simultaneous Information and Power Transfer for Broadband Wireless Systems

            , (2013)
            Far-field microwave power transfer (MPT) will free wireless sensors and other mobile devices from the constraints imposed by finite battery capacities. Integrating MPT with wireless communications to support simultaneous information and power transfer (SIPT) allows the same spectrum to be used for dual purposes without compromising the quality of service. A novel approach is presented in this paper for realizing SIPT in a broadband system where orthogonal frequency division multiplexing and transmit beamforming are deployed to create a set of parallel sub-channels for SIPT, which simplifies resource allocation. Supported by a proposed reconfigurable mobile architecture, different system configurations are considered by combining single-user/multiuser systems, downlink/uplink information transfer, and variable/fixed coding rates. Optimizing the power control for these configurations results in a new class of multiuser power-control problems featuring circuit-power constraints, specifying that the transferred power must be sufficiently large to support the operation of the receiver circuitry. Solving these problems gives a set of power-control algorithms that exploit channel diversity in frequency for simultaneously enhancing the throughput and the MPT efficiency. For the system configurations with variable coding rates, the algorithms are variants of water-filling that account for the circuit-power constraints. The optimal algorithms for those configurations with fixed coding rates are shown to sequentially allocate mobiles their required power for decoding in the ascending order until the entire budgeted power is spent. The required power for a mobile is derived as simple functions of the minimum signal-to-noise ratio for correct decoding, the circuit power and sub-channel gains.
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              Secrecy Wireless Information and Power Transfer with MISO Beamforming

              , , (2014)
              The dual use of radio signals for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) has recently drawn significant attention. To meet the practical requirement that energy receivers (ERs) operate with significantly higher received power as compared to information receivers (IRs), ERs need to be deployed in more proximity to the transmitter than IRs. However, due to the broadcast nature of wireless channels, one critical issue arises that the messages sent to IRs can be eavesdropped by ERs, which possess better channels from the transmitter. In this paper, we address this new secrecy communication problem in a multiuser multiple-input single-output (MISO) SWIPT system where one multi-antenna transmitter sends information and energy simultaneously to an IR and multiple ERs, each with one single antenna. To optimally design transmit beamforming vectors and their power allocation, two problems are investigated with different aims: the first problem maximizes the secrecy rate for IR subject to individual harvested energy constraints of ERs, while the second problem maximizes the weighted sum-energy transferred to ERs subject to a secrecy rate constraint for IR. We solve these two non-convex problems optimally by reformulating each of them into a two-stage problem. First, by fixing the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) target for ERs (for the first problem) or IR (for the second problem), we obtain the optimal beamforming and power allocation solution by applying the technique of semidefinite relaxation (SDR). Then, the original problems are solved by a one-dimension search over the optimal SINR target for ERs or IR. Furthermore, for each of the two studied problems, suboptimal solutions of lower complexity are also proposed in which the information and energy beamforming vectors are separately designed with their power allocation.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                1501.02429

                Numerical methods,Information systems & theory
                Numerical methods, Information systems & theory

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