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      An unusual elateroid lineage from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Elateroidea)

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          Abstract

          We here report a new elateroid, Anoeuma lawrencei Li, Kundrata and Cai gen. et sp. nov., from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Though superficially similar to some soft-bodied archostematans, Anoeuma could be firmly placed in the polyphagan superfamily Elateroidea based on the hind wing venation. Detailed morphological comparisons between extant elateroids and the Cretaceous fossils suggest that the unique character combination does not fit with confidence into any existing soft-bodied elateroid group, although some characters indicate possible relationships between Anoeuma and Omalisinae. Our discovery of this new lineage further demonstrates the past diversity and morphological disparity of soft-bodied elateroids.

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          Age constraint on Burmese amber based on U–Pb dating of zircons

          Guanghai Shi, David Grimaldi, George Harlow … (2012)
          Article 0 comments Cited 209 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            The half-life of DNA in bone: measuring decay kinetics in 158 dated fossils.

            Morten Allentoft, Matthew Collins, David E. Harker … (2012)
            Claims of extreme survival of DNA have emphasized the need for reliable models of DNA degradation through time. By analysing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from 158 radiocarbon-dated bones of the extinct New Zealand moa, we confirm empirically a long-hypothesized exponential decay relationship. The average DNA half-life within this geographically constrained fossil assemblage was estimated to be 521 years for a 242 bp mtDNA sequence, corresponding to a per nucleotide fragmentation rate (k) of 5.50 × 10(-6) per year. With an effective burial temperature of 13.1°C, the rate is almost 400 times slower than predicted from published kinetic data of in vitro DNA depurination at pH 5. Although best described by an exponential model (R(2) = 0.39), considerable sample-to-sample variance in DNA preservation could not be accounted for by geologic age. This variation likely derives from differences in taphonomy and bone diagenesis, which have confounded previous, less spatially constrained attempts to study DNA decay kinetics. Lastly, by calculating DNA fragmentation rates on Illumina HiSeq data, we show that nuclear DNA has degraded at least twice as fast as mtDNA. These results provide a baseline for predicting long-term DNA survival in bone.
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              The evolution and genomic basis of beetle diversity

              Duane D. McKenna, Seunggwan Shin, Dirk Ahrens … (2019)
              Significance We inferred the phylogeny and evolution of beetles using genomic data of an unprecedented scale. Moreover, we documented the diversification of plant-feeding (herbivorous) beetles, which account for nearly half of all beetle species and a similar proportion of herbivorous insects, following convergent horizontal transfers of bacterial and fungal genes enabling the digestion of lignocellulose in plant cell walls. Our findings clarify beetle phylogenetic relationships and reveal new insights into the evolution of specialized herbivory and why there are so many species of beetles. Furthermore, they underscore the intimacy and complexity of the evolutionary relationships between insects, plants, and microorganisms and show how analyses of large-scale genomic data are revealing the evolution and genomic basis of insect biodiversity.
              Article 0 comments Cited 183 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Chen-Yang Cai: cycai@nigpas.ac.cn
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sci Rep
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sci Rep
                Title: Scientific Reports
                Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2045-2322
                Publication date (Electronic): 9 November 2021
                Publication date PMC-release: 9 November 2021
                Publication date Collection: 2021
                Volume: 11
                Electronic Location Identifier: 21985
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.9227.e, ISNI 0000000119573309, State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, and Centre for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, , Chinese Academy of Sciences, ; Nanjing, 210008 People’s Republic of China
                [2 ]GRID grid.10979.36, ISNI 0000 0001 1245 3953, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, , Palacky University, ; 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
                [3 ]GRID grid.5337.2, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 7603, School of Earth Sciences, , University of Bristol, ; Life Sciences Building, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ UK
                Article
                Publisher ID: 1398
                DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01398-w
                PMC ID: 8578672
                PubMed ID: 34753998
                SO-VID: 585f3277-b2c7-4cad-8b34-e1ccf135a3f2
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2021
                License:

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                Date received : 13 July 2021
                Date accepted : 25 October 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2021

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
                Keywords: palaeontology,entomology
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
                Keywords: palaeontology, entomology

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